Spatial relationships within fault damage zones in sandstone

Hesthammer, Jonny; Johansen, Tord Erlend Skeie; Watts, L.M.

doi:10.1016/s0264-8172(00)00032-5

Cited by 55 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…8) directional well was drilled across the fault in the hanging wall of Fault 275, and cores were recovered systematically near the fault zone. The three fault points were drilled in Well Xing 7-20-X632, of which the first (1272.15 m), located in sandstone, is a damage zone at the fault termination, with the typical internal structure of cataclastic fault zones (Aydin and Johnson 1978;Hesthammer et al 2000;Hesthammer and Fossen 2001;Mair et al 2000;Fossen and Bale 2007). Slip surfaces and clustered deformation zones developed in the fault core, with a clustered cataclastic zone developed in pure sandstone (with shale content less than 15 %), and clustered and layered silicateframe fault rocks developed in impure sandstone (with shale content more than 15 %) (Knipe 1992(Knipe , 1997Knipe et al 1997).…”

Section: Internal Structures Of Fault Zones and Their Relationship Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of fault zones and their control on remaining oil distribution at the fault edge: a case study from the northern Xingshugang Anticline in the Daqing Oilfield, China

Xiao

Meng

et al. 2016

Pet. Sci.

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Most major oil zones in the Daqing Oilfield have reached a later, high water cut stage, but oil recovery is still only approximately 35 %, and 50 % of reserves remain to be recovered. The remaining oil is primarily distributed at the edge of faults, in poor sand bodies, and in insufficiently injected and produced areas. Therefore, the edge of faults is a major target for remaining oil enrichment and potential tapping. Based on the dynamic change of production from development wells determined by the injection-recovery relationship at the edge of faults, we analyzed the control of structural features of faults on remaining oil enrichment at the edge. Our results show that the macroscopic structural features and their geometric relationship with sand bodies controlled remaining oil enrichment zones like the edges of NNE-striking faults, the footwalls of antithetic faults, the hard linkage segments (two faults had linked together with each other to form a bigger through-going fault), the tips of faults, and the oblique anticlines of soft linkages. Fault edges formed two types of forward microamplitude structures: (1) the tilted uplift of footwalls controlled by inverse fault sections and (2) the hanging-wall horizontal anticlines controlled by synthetic fault points. The remaining oil distribution was controlled by microamplitude structures. Consequently, such zones as the tilted uplift of the footwall of the NNW-striking antithetic faults with a fault throw larger than 40 m, the hard linkage segments, the tips of faults, and the oblique anticlines of soft linkage were favorable for tapping the remaining oil potential. Multi-target directional drilling was used for remaining oil development at fault edges. Reasonable fault spacing was determined on the basis of fault combinations and width of the shattered zone. Well core and log data revealed that the width of the shattered zone on the side of the fault core was less than 15 m in general; therefore, the distance from a fault to the development target should be larger than 15 m. Vertically segmented growth faults should take the separation of the lateral overlap of faults into account. Therefore, the safe distance of remaining oil well deployment at the fault edge should be larger than the sum of the width of shattered zone in faults and the separation of growth faults by vertical segmentation.

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Section: Internal Structures Of Fault Zones and Their Relationship Wimentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of fault zones and their control on remaining oil distribution at the fault edge: a case study from the northern Xingshugang Anticline in the Daqing Oilfield, China

Xiao

Meng

et al. 2016

Pet. Sci.

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“…Hierarquicamente, as bandas de deformação ocorrem tanto individuais (denominadas singles) quanto em (Hesthammer et al, 2000). Do ponto de vista cinemático, as bandas de deformação são classificadas em três end-members: bandas dilatacionais (dilation bands), contração (compaction bands) e cisalhantes (shear bands).…”

Section: Classificação E Aspectos Reológicosunclassified

Caracterização meso e microscópica de bandas de deformação em arenitos porosos: um exemplo nas tectonossequências Paleozoica, Pré- e Sin-rifte da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil

Netto

Silva

Sá

2012

Geol. USP, Sér. cient.

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Disponível on-line no endereço www.igc.usp.br/geologiausp -83 - ResumoBandas de deformação são estreitos volumes tabulares desenvolvidos em arenitos porosos. Apesar de produzidas em condições de deformação frágil, internamente podem apresentar gradiente de deslocamento contínuo. Quando o mecanismo de deformação dominante durante a nucleação dessas bandas é a cataclase granular, podem ser alteradas significativamente as propriedades originais de suas rochas hospedeiras, tais como porosidade e permeabilidade. Bandas de deformação, presentes nos arenitos pré-e sin-rifte da Bacia do Araripe, foram estudadas em meso e microescala com o intuito de classificá-las e de entender os mecanismos deformacionais envolvidos durante sua nucleação e desenvolvimento. Critérios geométrico--espaciais, cinemáticos e reológicos permitiram estabelecer as relações entre a gênese das bandas de deformação e a litificação dos arenitos protólitos. À luz desses dados, discutiu-se o impacto dessas estruturas no fluxo de fluido, na escala de reservatório. Além disso, o estudo das bandas de deformação auxiliou no entendimento da evolução geotectônica da bacia sedimentar estudada. Dessa maneira, o estudo das bandas de deformação pode subsidiar pesquisas sobre a evolução tectonossedimentar local e regional de bacias sedimentares.Palavras-chave: Bandas de deformação; Bacia do Araripe; Cataclase granular. AbstractDeformation bands are narrow tabular volumes developed in porous sandstones. Although these structures are a product of brittle deformation, they may have internally a continuous displacement gradient. When granular cataclasis is the dominant deformation mechanism, the initial properties of their host rocks (i.e., porosity and permeability) can change significantly. The deformation bands in sandstones from the pre-and syn-rift of the Araripe Basin were studied in meso and microscale in order to classify them and to understand the deformation mechanisms involved during their nucleation and development. Their geometric-spatial, kinematic, and rheological criteria allowed establishing relations between the origin of deformation bands and lithification of their host rocks. Additionally, some inferences on their influence to the fluid flow in the reservoir-scale were outlined. Moreover, the study of deformation bands contributed to the understanding of the tectonic evolution of the studied basin. Accordingly, the study of deformation bands can support research on local and regional aspects of the tectonosedimentary evolution of sedimentary basins.

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“…Fault frequency profiles across fault damage zones show an overall decrease in deformation band density away from the fault core [2,4,15,17,21,30]. Based on a comprehensive database consisting of damage zone data from Utah and Sinai (CIPR database), this decrease can be modeled as a logarithmic decline in more than 80% of the cases (Fig.…”

Section: Deformation Band Distribution Around the Fault Corementioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation band populations in fault damage zone—impact on fluid flow

et al. 2009

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Fault damage zones in highly porous reservoirs are dominated by deformation bands that generally have permeability-reducing properties. Due to an absence of sufficiently detailed measurements and the irregular distribution of deformation bands, a statistical approach is applied to study their influence on flow. A stochastic model of their distribution is constructed, and band density, distribution, orientation, and flow properties are chosen based on available field observations. The sensitivity of these different parameters on the upscaled flow is analyzed. The influence of a heterogeneous permeability distribution was also studied by assuming the presence of high permeability holes within bands. The fragmentation and position of these holes affect significantly the block-effective permeability. Results of local upscaling with a diagonal and full upscaled permeability tensor are compared, and qualitatively similar results for the flow characteristics are obtained. Further, the procedure of iterative localglobal upscaling is applied to the problem.

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Spatial relationships within fault damage zones in sandstone

Cited by 55 publications

References 21 publications

Characteristics of fault zones and their control on remaining oil distribution at the fault edge: a case study from the northern Xingshugang Anticline in the Daqing Oilfield, China

Characteristics of fault zones and their control on remaining oil distribution at the fault edge: a case study from the northern Xingshugang Anticline in the Daqing Oilfield, China

Caracterização meso e microscópica de bandas de deformação em arenitos porosos: um exemplo nas tectonossequências Paleozoica, Pré- e Sin-rifte da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil

Deformation band populations in fault damage zone—impact on fluid flow

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