Spatial structure of absorbing vapor in a transversely heated graphite atomizer with a probe

Zakharov, Yu. A.; Kokorina, O. B.; Voloshin, A. V.; Sevastianov, A. A.

doi:10.1134/s0030400x06060129

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Let us numerically simulate the process of sample vapor dif fusion and condensation under varying the above parameters. A probe system is best suited for this study of two step atomization [22][23][24][25]. It makes it possible to obtain the atomic vapor of the elements of any vol atility, to accurately specify the flow rate of a protective gas over a wide range, and to perform vapor condensa tion in a pure form on the probe, that is, without the influence of other closely spaced atomizer surfaces.…”

Section: Simulation Of the Step Of Sample Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For exam ple, uniform or, on the contrary, nonuniform distribu tion caused by the design of the atomizer. Information on the initial vapor distribution around the probe can be obtained from the experiments on shadow spectral visualization [24]. The general solution of differential equation (1) takes the form [29] (2)…”

Section: Simulation Of the Step Of Sample Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution of the problem at slow flows will clarify the situation in convective type atom izers, and it will allow one to determine the optimum and maximum permissible rates of fractionation at fast flows. For example, it remains unclear how the analyte manages to settle on the miniature probe with almost no losses from a jet with a velocity of >1 m/sec [22][23][24][25] and how it is distributed on the surface depending on the atomic weight, temperature, etc. It is important to determine parameters responsible for the efficiency of fractionation from a gas flow.…”

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Computer simulation of two-step atomization in graphite furnaces for analytical atomic spectrometry

et al. 2012

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The processes of sample fractionation by two step atomization with the intermediate condensa tion of the analyte on a cold surface in graphite furnaces were theoretically studied. The transfer equation was solved for the atoms, molecules, and condensed particles of the sample from a flow of argon directed along this surface. The spatial distributions of vapor and the condensate formed were calculated depending on the composition and flow rate. It was found that a cold surface section with a length of 6 mm is sufficient for the complete trapping of atomic analyte vapor from an argon layer having a velocity of about 1 m/sec and a thick ness of 5 mm. In this case, the molecules and clusters condensation coefficients smaller than unity were deposited insignificantly; that is, they were fractionally separated. The results of the shadow spectral visual ization of the process of sample fractionation on a cold probe surface of in commercial HGA and THGA atomizers were interpreted. The advantages of analytical signals upon the evaporation of a sample condensate from the probe in these atomizers and inductively coupled plasma were demonstrated.

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Section: Simulation Of the Step Of Sample Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Of the Step Of Sample Fractionationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computer simulation of two-step atomization in graphite furnaces for analytical atomic spectrometry

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“…Apparently, it differs from the initial version of probe atomizers [3] by the condensation method of substance deposition on the probe end. However, part of unnecessary sample components under the above described conditions are still deposited on the probe, for example, metal oxides (photos of such depositions were presented in the work [10]). Having reached cer tain mass, they also begin to create interferences.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…To solve it, various versions of atomizers and devices as platforms, ballasts, filters, and probes [3] were proposed with different success. It was shown in [8][9][10][11] that a promising solution that requires no modifications in the design of commercial tube HGA and THGA atomizers is the use of two step probe atomizers (TPA). It is implemented using an addi tional accessory to the spectrometer, a compact pro cessor controlled probe manipulator and ensures the determination of all elements detected by ETAAS.…”

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Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with two-step probe atomization and primary absorption signal feedback

Zakharov

Kokorina

2012

J Anal Chem

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A method is proposed to reduce the relative detection limits for elements in an atomic absorption spectrometer with a graphite furnace and two step probe atomization, based on using feedback between the absorption impulse of primary sample atomization and probe fixation in the position for vapor fractionation. Deposition of sample fractions on the probe, which interferes with measuring the analytical signal, is reduced. The relative limits of the direct detection of Pb, Cd, and Tl in NaCl and K 2 SO 4 are lowered by more than one order of magnitude in comparison to the atomization of such salts under the conditions of a tem perature stabilized furnace with a platform. The detection limits are 10 -7 to 10 -8 wt %. The relative standard deviation of the analytical signals does not exceed 5%, which is appropriate for the measurement of concen tration.

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Atomic spectrometry update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption and fluorescence spectrometry, and related techniques

Evans¹,

Day²,

Palmer³

et al. 2007

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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Spatial structure of absorbing vapor in a transversely heated graphite atomizer with a probe

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Computer simulation of two-step atomization in graphite furnaces for analytical atomic spectrometry

Computer simulation of two-step atomization in graphite furnaces for analytical atomic spectrometry

Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with two-step probe atomization and primary absorption signal feedback

Atomic spectrometry update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption and fluorescence spectrometry, and related techniques

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