Spatial variation of Daphnia parasite load within individual water bodies

Wolinska, Justyna; Seďa, Jaromír; Koerner, Henrike; Šmilauer, Petr; Petrusek, Adam

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbr016

Cited by 32 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Similarly, the studied parasite, Metschnikowia sp., frequently infects natural D. longispina populations. For example, the parasite was detected in four out of 11 D. longispina populations screened in the Czech Republic (Wolinska et al 2009, 2011). The parasite prevalence in those populations reached up to 38%, indicating that the experimental parasite doses used in the present study are not unlikely in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PREDATOR‐INDUCED DEFENSE MAKESDAPHNIAMORE VULNERABLE TO PARASITES

et al. 2011

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Predation is a major driver of natural selection. Phenotypic plasticity for the induction of defensive traits has proven to be a widespread mechanism for plants and animals to cope with the risk of consumption by herbivores and predators (Agrawal 2001). On theoretical grounds, inducible defenses are most likely to evolve when there is spatial or temporal heterogeneity in predation, and when there are reliable cues that can be used to indicate the future risk of attack (Lively 1986;Riessen 1992;Frank 1993;Hazel et al. 2004). Present models for the evolutionary stability of induced defense suggest that there must be a cost associated with the defended morph in the absence of predators; otherwise we would expect the defense to be constitutively expressed (Lively 1986;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PREDATOR‐INDUCED DEFENSE MAKESDAPHNIAMORE VULNERABLE TO PARASITES

et al. 2011

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“…In European lakes, epidemics of the gut parasite Caullerya mesnili (Ichthyosporea) are especially common (Wolinska et al. , ). These epidemics reach a maximum in late summer and early fall (Wolinska et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia

Tellenbach

Tardent

Pomati

et al. 2016

Ecology

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The seasonal dominance of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton community of lake ecosystems can have severe implications for higher trophic levels. For herbivorous zooplankton such as Daphnia, cyanobacteria have poor nutritional value and some species can produce toxins affecting zooplankton survival and reproduction. Here, we present another, hitherto largely unexplored aspect of cyanobacteria, namely that they can increase Daphnia susceptibility to parasites. In a 12-year monthly time-series analysis of the Daphnia community in Greifensee (Switzerland) we observed that cyanobacteria density correlated significantly with the epidemics of a common gut parasite of Daphnia, Caullerya mesnili, regardless of what cyanobacteria species was present or whether it was colonial or filamentous. The temperature from the previous month also affected the occurrence of Caullerya epidemics, either directly or indirectly by the promotion of cyanobacterial growth. A laboratory experiment confirmed that cyanobacteria increase the susceptibility of Daphnia to Caullerya, and suggested a possible involvement of cyanotoxins or other chemical traits of cyanobacteria in this process. These findings expand our understanding of the consequences of toxic cyanobacterial blooms for lake ecosystems and might be relevant for epidemics experienced by other aquatic species.

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“…We predicted that pesticide and parasite exposure would decrease host density additively, because the effects of stressors are reported to be greater in combination than alone (Hanazato & Dodson, 1995;Folt et al, 1999). (family Hemiascomycetes, Wolinska, Giessler & Koerner, 2009) commonly infects Daphnia populations in Europe and the United States (Hall et al, 2005;Caceres et al, 2006;Wolinska et al, 2011;Yin et al, 2012). Daphnia infected with a yeast parasite, Metschnikowia sp.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease and pollution alter Daphnia taxonomic and clonal structure in experimental assemblages

2012

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Summary 1. Environmental stressors can influence population and community structure. However, the majority of experimental work on multiple environmental stressors has been done at the individual level only. 2. In this work, we followed changes in experimental assemblages of Daphnia (waterfleas; consisting of two taxa and three clones per taxon) after exposure to the fungal parasite Metschnikowia sp. and/or the pesticide diazinon. 3. We found a significant shift in taxonomic and clonal composition under both stressors. Strikingly, in the parasite and parasite + pesticide treatments, one taxon went extinct. While the pesticide had no effect on total parasite prevalence, the taxon that was more susceptible to extinction was, at the same time, more infected when additionally exposed to the pesticide. Furthermore, the density of all adult females was significantly reduced in the parasite treatment, but not in the pesticide treatment. 4. Our results demonstrate that the dynamics of Daphnia assemblages are altered by parasites and pesticide exposure. Given the key role of Daphnia in aquatic food webs in transferring primary production into fish food, this could be of wide significance in aquatic ecosystems.

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Spatial variation of Daphnia parasite load within individual water bodies

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

PREDATOR‐INDUCED DEFENSE MAKESDAPHNIAMORE VULNERABLE TO PARASITES

PREDATOR‐INDUCED DEFENSE MAKESDAPHNIAMORE VULNERABLE TO PARASITES

Cyanobacteria facilitate parasite epidemics in Daphnia

Disease and pollution alter Daphnia taxonomic and clonal structure in experimental assemblages

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