SPE – Microwave‐assisted extraction coupled system for the extraction of pesticides from water samples

Abstract

SPE -Microwave-assisted extraction coupled system for the extraction of pesticides from water samples SPE is a commonly applied technique for preconcentration of pesticides from water samples. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique is the extraction applied for preconcentration of different compounds from solid samples. SPE coupled with MAE is capable of preconcentrating these compounds from water samples too. This investigation was aimed at improving the efficiency of atrazine, alachlor, and a-cypermethrin pesticide extraction from the spiked water samples applying SPE followed by MAE. In this way, MAE served for elution of pesticides from C 18 -extraction disks with solvent heated by microwave energy. Various elution conditions were tested for their effects on the extraction efficiency of the SPE-MAE combined technique. Several parameters, such as elution solvent volume (mL), elution temperature (8C), and duration of elution (min), affect the extraction efficiency of the SPE-MAE coupled system and need to be optimized for the selected pesticides. In order to develop a mathematical model, 15 experiments were performed in the central composite design. The equation was then used to predict recoveries of the pesticides under specific experimental conditions. Optimization of microwave extraction was accomplished using the genetic algorithm approach. Best results were achieved using 20 mL of ethanol at 608C. Optimal hold time was 5 min and 24 s. The SPE-MAE combination was also compared with the conventional SPE extraction technique with elution of a nonpolar or a moderately polar compound with nonpolar solvents.

Postmortem blood concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides

“…Many reports present analysis of OPs in environmental samples, such as atmosphere, soil, fruit, water, and vegetables [3][4][5][6]. In this study, we report the concentration of OPs in postmortem blood in 31 cases.…”

Simultaneous determination of permethrin and deltamethrin in water samples by magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography

“…20 The use of ultraperformance liquid chromatography in detection of pesticides has also been reported. 21 Different preconcentration methods such as solid-phase extraction (SPE), 22 solid-phase microextraction (SPME), 20 liquidphase microextraction (LPME), 17 single drop microextraction (SDME), 23 headspace solid-phase microextraction (HSPME), 14 dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME), 24 homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction (HLLME), 25 ultrasonic assisted headspace single drop microextraction (USA-HSDME), 16 vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (VALLME), 26 ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction followed by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, 27 supercritical fluid extraction combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, 18 microwave-assisted extraction-solid-phase extraction, 28 or SPE in combination with DLLME 29 have been used for the preparation of water samples containing pesticides.…”

Optimisation of a microwave‐assisted method for extracting withaferin A from Withania somnifera Dunal. using central composite design

“…(1986). MAE technique can be applied for the extraction of variety of chemicals from a wide range of matrices such as soils, plants, animal tissues and manufactured products (Llomparta et al ., 1997; Mutavdžić et al ., 2005). One of the main advantages of MAE is its short extraction time.…”