Species composition and seasonal abundance of pestiferous plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Bt Cotton in China

Lu, Yanhui; Qiu, Feng; Feng, Hongqiang; Li, H.B.; Yang, Zengling; Wyckhuys, Kris A. G.; Wu, Kongming

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2007.07.017

Cited by 136 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…For pests such as bollworms and defoliators having high reproductive capacities (500-1000 eggs/female/week) or pests with high tolerance to Bt toxins (e.g., plant bugs, whiteflies, and mealybugs), a small reduction in natural enemy density and efficacy may increase pest density and trigger insecticide use and ecological disruption [33]. Plant bugs have increased in Bt cotton in China and the USA, but this has been dismissed as due to reduced pesticide use [58,[65][66][67], despite strong evidence that insecticide use increases plant bug resurgence [33,55] (see Additional file 1). In India and Pakistan, sucking insect pests had been of minor concern in cotton but are now increasing in Bt cotton and contribute to yield losses and increased insecticide use [68,69].…”

Section: Biological and Ecological Underpinningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields, and suicides

et al. 2015

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Background: Cotton with coevolving pests has been grown in India more than 5000 years. Hybrid cotton was introduced in the 1970s with increases in fertilizer and in insecticide use against pink bollworm that caused outbreaks of bollworm. Hybrid Bt cotton, introduced in 2002 to control bollworm and other lepidopteran pests, is grown on more than 90 % of the cotton area. Despite initial declines, year 2013 insecticide use is at 2000 levels, yields plateaued nationally, and farmer suicides increased in some areas. Biological modeling of the pre-1970s cotton/pink bollworm system was used to examine the need for Bt cotton, conditions for its economic viability, and linkage to farmer suicides. Results: Yields in rainfed cotton depend on timing, distribution, and quantity of monsoon rains. Pink bollworm causes damage in irrigated cotton, but not in rainfed cotton unless infested from irrigated fields. Use of Bt cotton seed and insecticide in rainfed cotton is questionable. Conclusions: Bt cotton may be economic in irrigated cotton, whereas costs of Bt seed and insecticide increase the risk of farmer bankruptcy in low-yield rainfed cotton. Inability to use saved seed and inadequate agronomic information trap cotton farmers on biotechnology and insecticide treadmills. Annual suicide rates in rainfed areas are inversely related to farm size and yield, and directly related to increases in Bt cotton adoption (i.e., costs). High-density short-season cottons could increase yields and reduce input costs in irrigated and rainfed cotton. Policy makers need holistic analysis before new technologies are implemented in agricultural development.

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Section: Biological and Ecological Underpinningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields, and suicides

et al. 2015

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“…The favor- Lu et al, 2008a). Aside from its effect on development time, temperature also influences a multitude of fitness parameters, such as adult longevity and fecundity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Hemiptera: Miridae) as key pests (Wu et al, 2002;Lu et al, 2008a). The steady increase in A. lucorum population levels since 1997 has resulted in this species presently causing yield losses in multiple other crops (Lu et al, 2007a;Lu and Wu, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although A. lucorum population dynamics have been extensively studied in cotton fields (Ting, 1964;Wu et al, 2002;Guo et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2008a;Fan et al, 2009), only limited data are available on its life history traits (Ting, 1963;Men et al, 2008). Additionally, distinct results had been described in two previous studies (Ting, 1963;Men et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species is cosmopolitan, with a reported occurrence in Asia, Africa, Europe and North America (Zhang and Zhao, 1996). Especially in eastern Asia (inc. China, Japan, Korea), A. lucorum is considered a key agricultural pest (Cao and Wan, 1983;Miyata, 1993Miyata, , 1994Watanabe, 1995Watanabe, , 1996Watanabe, , 1999Watanabe et al, 1997;Lee et al, 2002;Wu et al, 2002;Lu and Wu, 2008;Lu et al, 2008a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-dependent life history of the green plant bug, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Wyckhuys

et al. 2010

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important agricultural pest and may cause serious yield losses to numerous crops in eastern Asia, such as cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production throughout northern China. In this paper, we determined the effect of six constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35ºC) on A. lucorum life history. Successful nymphal development and adult emergence were reported for all temperature regimes, whereas egg eclosion was not observed at 10ºC. Development time decreased with increasing temperature between 10 and 30ºC, slightly increasing at 35ºC. Lower development thresholds of egg and nymphal stages were estimated as 3.2 and 3.7ºC, and their thermal constants were 179.2 and 262.4 DD, respectively. Optimum and lethal temperatures for development were 33.8 and 42.5ºC for eggs, and 31.0 and 38.5ºC for nymphs, respectively. Adult longevity declined with increasing temperature. Fecundity greatly decreased at extreme temperatures (i.e., 10 and 35°C), with the highest value at 20ºC. Our findings could help predict A. lucorum population dynamics in different agro-production regions of eastern Asia and subsequently develop appropriate pest forecasting and management protocols.

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MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLUBLE AND MEMBRANE‐BOUND TREHALASES IN THE COTTON MIRID BUG, Apolygus lucorum

Tan

Xiao

Sun

et al. 2014

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Trehalose, a major hemolymph sugar in insects, is hydrolyzed by trehalase. We identified a soluble and a membrane-bound form of trehalase and isolated the corresponding mRNA, ALTre-1, and ALTre-2 in the cotton mirid bug, Apolygus lucorum. The deduced amino acid sequences of ALTre-1 and ALTre-2 revealed mature proteins with 643 and 617 amino acids, respectively. ALTre-1 and ALTre-2 contained trehalase signature motifs, and ALTre-2 contained a putative transmembrane domain near the C-terminus, suggesting that ALTre-1 and ALTre-2 encoded a soluble trehalase and a membrane-bound trehalase, respectively. Comparison of trehalase activity at different developmental stages and in six tissues indicated that soluble trehalase activity accounted for the majority of total trehalase activity in A. lucorum. ALTre-1 and ALTre-2 were expressed in all tissues and stages, with the highest expression of both in the second instar nymphs, ALTre-1 in the ovary and malpighian tubules, ALTre-2 in the flight muscles and fat body. Following the exposure of second instar nymph to 20-E, the soluble trehalase activity increased gradually while the membrane-bound trehalase activity remained at its initial level. Similarly, 20-E upregulated ALTre-1 expression but had no effect on ALTre-2 expression. These results suggest that an increase of this soluble trehalase activity was upregulated by ALTre-1 gene.

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Species composition and seasonal abundance of pestiferous plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) on Bt Cotton in China

Cited by 136 publications

References 20 publications

Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields, and suicides

Deconstructing Indian cotton: weather, yields, and suicides

Temperature-dependent life history of the green plant bug, Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae)

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SOLUBLE AND MEMBRANE‐BOUND TREHALASES IN THE COTTON MIRID BUG, Apolygus lucorum

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