Specific activation of PR-10 pathogenesis-related genes in apple by an incompatible race of Venturia inaequalis

Chevalier, Michel; Parisi, Luciana; Guèye, Badara; Campion, Claire; Simoneau, Philippe; Poupard, Pascal

doi:10.1007/s10535-008-0138-9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These proteins are activated in response to many different abiotic and biotic stresses [38,39] and play a putative role in plant defence responses to pathogens [17,40,41]. Indeed, Mal d 1 proteins are also known as pathogenesis-related proteins of class 10 (PR-10s) [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qRT-PCR assay for the expression of all Mal d 1 isoallergen genes

Pagliarani

Paris

Arens³

et al. 2013

BMC Plant Biol

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BackgroundA considerable number of individuals suffer from oral allergy syndrome (OAS) to apple, resulting in the avoidance of apple consumption. Apple cultivars differ greatly in their allergenic properties, but knowledge of the causes for such differences is incomplete. Mal d 1 is considered the major apple allergen. For Mal d 1, a wide range of isoallergens and variants exist, and they are encoded by a large gene family. To identify the specific proteins/genes that are potentially involved in the allergy, we developed a PCR assay to monitor the expression of each individual Mal d 1 gene. Gene-specific primer pairs were designed for the exploitation of sequence differences among Mal d 1 genes. The specificity of these primers was validated using both in silico and in vitro techniques. Subsequently, this assay was applied to the peel and flesh of fruits from the two cultivars ‘Florina’ and ‘Gala’.ResultsWe successfully developed gene-specific primer pairs for each of the 31 Mal d 1 genes and incorporated them into a qRT-PCR assay. The results from the application of the assay showed that 11 genes were not expressed in fruit. In addition, differential expression was observed among the Mal d 1 genes that were expressed in the fruit. Moreover, the expression levels were tissue and cultivar dependent.ConclusionThe assay developed in this study facilitated the first characterisation of the expression levels of all known Mal d 1 genes in a gene-specific manner. Using this assay on different fruit tissues and cultivars, we obtained knowledge concerning gene relevance in allergenicity. This study provides new perspectives for research on both plant breeding and immunotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qRT-PCR assay for the expression of all Mal d 1 isoallergen genes

Pagliarani

Paris

Arens³

et al. 2013

BMC Plant Biol

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“…The PR10 genes can be activated by the biotic stresses, such as microbial attacks, fungal elicitors, or wounding stresses, as well as abiotic stresses, such as salt and drought (Choi et al, 2012). In particularly, it has been shown that PR10 from apple (Malus domestica) was activated when exposed to the pathogens, such as viruses and fungi (Pühringer et al, 2000;Poupard et al, 2003;Chevalier et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2021), acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) (Ziadil et al, 2001), ethephon, and wounding (Poupard et al, 2003), indicating that in apple, PR10 plays an important role in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Valsa mali Effector Protein 1 Targets Apple (Malus domestica) Pathogenesis-Related 10 Protein to Promote Virulence

Wang

Nie

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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To successfully colonize the plants, the pathogenic microbes secrete a mass of effector proteins which manipulate host immunity. Apple valsa canker is a destructive disease caused by the weakly parasitic fungus Valsa mali. A previous study indicated that the V. mali effector protein 1 (VmEP1) is an essential virulence factor. However, the pathogenic mechanism of VmEP1 in V. mali remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that the apple (Malus domestica) pathogenesis-related 10 proteins (MdPR10) are the virulence target of VmEP1 using a yeast two-hybrid screening. By bimolecular fluorescence (BiFC) and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP), we confirmed that the VmEP1 interacts with MdPR10 in vivo. Silencing of MdPR10 notably enhanced the V. mali infection, and overexpression of MdPR10 markedly reduced its infection, which corroborates its positive role in plant immunity against V. mali. Furthermore, we showed that the co-expression of VmEP1 with MdPR10 compromised the MdPR10-mediated resistance to V. mali. Taken together, our results revealed a mechanism by which a V. mali effector protein suppresses the host immune responses by interfering with the MdPR10-mediated resistance to V. mali during the infection.

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“…These results suggest that NtWRKY4 is involved in tobacco TMV-disease resistance. These results led us to examine the expression levels of pathogen-related genes PR1 and PR2, which are reliable molecular markers of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) (Benedetti et al 1998, Chevalier et al 2008, Jaakola et al 2008. Initial examination of the expression of PR genes revealed that RNAi transgenic line 3 and line 12 and vector control produced no detectable mRNA for PR1 and PR2 under normal growth conditions (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco transcription factor WRKY4 is a modulator of leaf development and disease resistance

Ren¹,

Huang²,

et al. 2010

Biologia plant.

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The role of tobacco transcription factor WRKY4 in leaf development and biotic stress tolerance was studied using RNAi suppressed transgenic plants. The leaves were more numerous and wider in NtWRKY4 RNAi suppressed transgenic lines compared to the vector control, while the levels of miRNA166 and miRNA396 were reduced in suppressed lines. NtWRKY4 expression was markedly induced in response to salicylic acid (SA), but not to abiotic stresses. When infected by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), the leaves of the transgenic plants were more twisted and displayed a more obvious mosaic pattern compared to those of vector-transgenic plants. Less TMV viral RNA accumulated in vector-transformed plants than in transgenic plants. The results indicate that NtWRKY4 is involved in leaf morphogenesis and antiviral defense, which is seldom seen in WRKY family members.

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Specific activation of PR-10 pathogenesis-related genes in apple by an incompatible race of Venturia inaequalis

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

A qRT-PCR assay for the expression of all Mal d 1 isoallergen genes

A qRT-PCR assay for the expression of all Mal d 1 isoallergen genes

A Valsa mali Effector Protein 1 Targets Apple (Malus domestica) Pathogenesis-Related 10 Protein to Promote Virulence

Tobacco transcription factor WRKY4 is a modulator of leaf development and disease resistance

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