Spectral analysis of postage stamps and banknotes from the region of Rijeka in Croatia

Badovinac, Ivana Jelovica; Orlić, Nada; Lofrumento, Cristiana; Dobrinić, Julijan; Orlić, Mandi

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2009.10.174

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Since PIXE is an elemental analysis technique, it may be combined with other techniques determining the actual chemical compounds or molecules for a more complete nondestructive analysis. In conjunction with PIXE or XRF elemental analyses, other methods that have been successfully applied to stamps, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (Poslusny and Daugherty, 1988;, Raman spectroscopy Jelovica Badovinac et al, 2010;Withnall et al, 2012), and/or X-ray diffraction (Foner and Adan, 1983;Vila et al, 2007;Lera et al, this volume;Brittain, this volume) should be able to discern the specific component compounds of the ink and paper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is conceptually similar to X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), which has also been used for analysis of stamps (Preiss and Robie, 1982;Jelovica Badovinac et al, 2010), but with PIXE a beam of protons, generally with energy of millions of electron volts (MeV), is used to bombard a sample. A particle accelerator, usually a Van de Graff accelerator, cyclotron, or similar machine, is used to create the proton beam; thus, PIXE facilities generally exist only at specialized academic or national nuclear laboratories (Johanson, 1992) and are less ubiquitous and much more costly than XRF.…”

Section: Proton-induced X-ray Emission Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Analytical Methods in Philately

Lera¹,

Barwis²,

Herendeen³

2013

Smithsonian Contributions to History and Technology

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Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o h i s t o r y a n d t e c h n o l o g y • n u m b e r 5 7Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Analytical Methods in Philately In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report on the research and collections of its various museums and bureaus. The Smithsonian Contributions Series are distributed via mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world.Manuscripts submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press from authors with direct affiliation with the various Smithsonian museums or bureaus and are subject to peer review and review for compliance with manuscript preparation guidelines. General requirements for manuscript preparation are on the inside back cover of printed volumes. For detailed submissions requirements and to review the "Manuscript Preparation and Style Guide for Authors," visit the Submissions page at www.scholarlypress.si.edu. s m i t h s o n i a n c o n t r i b u t i o n s to h i s to ry a n d t e c h n o l o g y • n u m b e r 5 7Proceedings Readers will find insights to research methods used across the entire spectrum of philatelic interests, from composition and physical characteristics of paper, to the chemistry and mineralogy of printing ink, to determining the genuineness of stamps, overprints, and the uses of adhesives on cover. Some of these projects were funded in part by the Institute for Analytical Philately and the National Postal Museum. The rights to text and images in this publication, including cover and interior designs, are owned either by the Smithsonian Institution, by contributing authors, or by third parties. Fair use of materials is permitted for personal, educational, or noncommercial purposes. Users must cite author and source of content, must not alter or modify copyrighted content, and must comply with all other terms or restrictions that may be applicable. Users are responsible for securing permission from a rights holder for any other use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proton-induced X-ray Emission Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Analytical Methods in Philately

Lera¹,

Barwis²,

Herendeen³

2013

Smithsonian Contributions to History and Technology

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“…Complexity of this issue is further increased by influence of time that increases transformation and degradation of pigments and binders. Banknotes and postage stamps have complex composition; thus, several methods should be used for their identification [1,2]. One of the approaches used in identification of materials is physicalchemical analysis, such as Raman spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages and disadvantages of Raman spectroscopy in testing paper banknotes

Jauković

2019

Teh. glas. (Online)

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This paper presents advantages and disadvantages of Raman spectroscopy when used for testing banknotes, i.e. in case study I, 1 and 5 dinars banknotes from a private collection dating from 1876 of numismatic value were analyzed, and in case study II, 1000 dinars banknote from circulation together with its counterfeit. In both cases banknotes were analyzed by using Raman spectrometer DXR Raman microscope at the Faculty of Physical Chemistry, with a laser of wave-length 780 nm at 12 mW of power. Specters were recorded under microscope using 50X lens in a range 1800-60 cm-1. Analyses from case study I on both specimens showed spectrum characteristic for fluorescence appearance, therefore intensive signal of fluorescence covered Raman signal. In case study II, it was established that Raman spectroscopy can reliably detect a counterfeit banknote. Research, comparisons and analyses regarding original and counterfeit 1000 dinars note were performed on red banknote surfaces.

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“…In forensic science and in the specific field of banknote counterfeiting or questioned documents, different analytical techniques are employed . Chemical fingerprinting or more specific ink analysis is frequently suggested as a tool for discrimination and identification of the samples for forensic purposes, using RAMAN , IR , Mossbauer , X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy , and mass spectrometry (including electrospray ionization, secondary ion mass spectrometry, laser‐based methods, and ambient ionization methods) . In particular, some articles report about analysis of paper sheet samples for cultural heritage conservation or for forensic purposes performed with different analytical methods (IR and UV–vis–NIR spectroscopy , mass spectrometry , energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis , X‐ray diffraction , light transmission images , and scanning electron microscopy ).…”

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confidence: 99%

X‐ray Powder Diffraction for Characterization of Raw Materials in Banknotes

Marabello

Benzi

Lombardozzi

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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We report about the X-ray powder diffraction characterization of crystalline materials used to produce genuine and counterfeit banknotes, performed with a single-crystal diffractometer that permits fast and nondestructive measurements in different 0.5-mm sized areas; 20-euro denomination genuine banknotes were analyzed, and results were compared with counterfeit banknotes. The analysis shows that the papers used to print real banknotes are composed, as expected, of cotton-based cellulose and titanium dioxide as crystalline additive, but different polymorphs of TiO for different emission countries are evidenced. The counterfeit banknotes are composed of cellulose based on wood pulp; moreover, an unexpected significant quantity of TiO was found to be mixed with calcite, indicating that the paper employed by forgers is not simply a common low-cost type. The crystalline index and intensity ratios between the peaks attributable to cellulose and fillers can provide additional information to trace back paper suppliers for forensic purposes.

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Spectral analysis of postage stamps and banknotes from the region of Rijeka in Croatia

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Analytical Methods in Philately

Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Analytical Methods in Philately

Advantages and disadvantages of Raman spectroscopy in testing paper banknotes

X‐ray Powder Diffraction for Characterization of Raw Materials in Banknotes

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