Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization-Coupling Reaction

Sinan, Raghad; Al-Uzri, Wasan A.

doi:10.22401/jnus.14.3.02

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Many spectrophotometric methods have been also used for the determination of SMX in pharmaceutical preparations. Most of them included diazotization reaction of SMX and coupling with different coupling agents such as phloroglucinol (Upadhyay et al, 2012 ), pyrogallol (Othman, 2005), 1-naphthol (Sinan and Al-Uzri, 2011), tropaeolin O (Boiko et al, 2011), γ-resorsolic acid (Mohammed and Zamel, 2017), 2-Naphthol (Shamsa and Amani, 2006) and diphenylamine (Khalaf et al, 2014). Other methods were either based on the charge transfer reaction with chloranilic acid to form complex (Adegoke et al, 2017), condensation reaction with 1,2-napthoquinone-4-sulphonic acid (Khalaf et al, 2017), Schiff's base reaction with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (Siddappa et al, 2011) or oxidation-reduction reaction with ferric ions and potassium ferricyanide by using resorcinol as reagent (Vijaya et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pure and in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

Mohammed¹,

Al-Hamdany²,

Abdulkader³

2018

RJS

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A highly sensitive, simple and accurate spectrophotometric method has been developed for quantitative determination of sulfamethoxazole(SMX) in both pure form and pharmaceutical preparations. In this method SMX is diazotized with equimolar of sodium nitrite(NaNO 2) in acid medium of hydrochloric acid to form diazonium ion , which is reacted with 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid in alkaline medium of NaOH to form a yellow water soluble azo dye that has absorption maximum at 416 nm versus reagent blank. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range 0.2-16 µg. ml-1 with an excellent determination coefficient (r 2 = 0.9996) and molar absorptivity 1.84×10 4 l.mol-1 .cm-1. The recoveries are obtained in the range of 97.8-99.8% and the relative standard deviation is better than ±0.23%. The stoichiometry of the resulting azo dye has been also worked out and it is found to be 1:1 SMX: 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid. This method has been applied successfully for the determination of SMX in pharmaceutical preparations (tablets and oral suspension).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pure and in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

Mohammed¹,

Al-Hamdany²,

Abdulkader³

2018

RJS

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“…Few spectrophotometric methods have been reported for determination of SMZ alone. These methods are based on the reaction of sulphamethoxazole with dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde 8 , 1-2naphthaquinone-4-sulfonate 9 , 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane 10 , 1naphthol 11 , phenosafranine 12 , phloroglucinol 13 , dopamine in the presence of molybdate ions 14 , p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and 8hydroxyquinoline 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric determination of Sulphamethoxazole Via Charge Transfer Complex Formation Reaction

Al-Ghabsha¹,

Al-Sabha²,

Al-Enizzi³

2013

J.Edu.Sci.

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range of 2-60 μg ml-1 with molar absorptivity 3.675×10 3 L mol −1 cm −1. The limits of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.371 and 1.236 μg ml-1 respectively. The accuracy and precision of the method were satisfactory; the average recovery % was 100.95 % and values of relative standard deviations ≤1.06 %. The stoichiometry of the reaction was studied, and the reaction mechanism was postulated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of sulphamethoxazole in its pharmaceutical tablets and syrup with good accuracy and precisions.

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“…Many UV-Visible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of SMX. Most of them included diazotization of SMX and then coupling with different coupling agents such as phloroglucinol (Upadhyay et al, 2012), 3-aminophenol (Nagaraja et al, 2007), pyrogallol (Othman, 2005), 2-Naphthol (Shamsa and Amani, 2006), 1-naphthol (Sinan and Al-Uzri, 2011), 8-hydroxyquinoline (Nagaraja et al, 2007), tropaeolin O (Boiko et al, 2011) and resorcinol (Vijaya Raja et al, 2008). Other methods were either based on the formation of charge transfer complex with phenosafranine (Al-Attas, 2003) or Schiff's base reaction with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (Siddappa et al, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrophotometric Assay of Sulphamethoxazole in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

Mohammed¹,

Zamel²

2017

RJS

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A simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the quantitative determination of sulphamethoxazole (SMX) in both pure form and its pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed method is based on the diazotization of SMX with sodium nitrite in hydrochloric acid medium to form a diazonium salt, which is coupled with γ-resorsolic acid (2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid) in alkaline medium of sodium hydroxide to form a stable and watersoluble azo dye exhibited maximum absorption at 432 nm against reagent blank. Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 5 to 300 µg of SMX /20 mL (0.25-15 ppm) with a good determination coefficient (R 2 =0.9984) and apparent molar absorptivity 3.34×10 4 l.mol-1 .cm-1. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) are 0.0584 and 0.1752 µg mL −1 , respectively. The recoveries and relative standard deviations in tablets and oral suspension formulations are found as 96.6 to 99.04% and 1.6 to 3.0%, respectively, depending on the concentration level. The method is suitable for the determination of SMX in the presence of other excipients that are usually present in dosage forms. The composition of the resulting product has also been worked out and it is found to be (1:2)SMX: γ-resorsolic acid. This procedure is applied successfully to the analysis of SMX in pharmaceutical preparations (tablets and oral suspension) without prior separation but with acceptable errors.

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Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization-Coupling Reaction

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pure and in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

Spectrophotometric Determination of Sulfamethoxazole in Pure and in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

Spectrophotometric determination of Sulphamethoxazole Via Charge Transfer Complex Formation Reaction

Spectrophotometric Assay of Sulphamethoxazole in Pure and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms by Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

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