Spectroscopic characterization of laser induced breakdown in aluminium–lithium alloy samples for quantitative determination of traces

Plasma produced by a 355 nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a pulse duration of 6 ns focussed onto a copper solid sample in air at atmospheric pressure is studied spectroscopically. The temperature and electron density characterizing the plasma are measured by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion line emissions in the time window of 300-2000 ns. An echelle spectrograph coupled with a gated intensified charge coupled detector is used to record the plasma emissions. The temperature is obtained using the Boltzmann plot method and the electron density is determined using the SahaBoltzmann equation method. Both parameters are studied as a function of delay time with respect to the onset of the laser pulse. The results are discussed. The time window where the plasma is optically thin and is also in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), necessary for the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis of samples, is deduced from the temporal evolution of the intensity ratio of two Cu I lines. It is found to be 700-1000 ns.

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“…The electron density using atom and ion spectral lines emitted from the plasma is determined from the Saha-Boltzmann equation as [5,11] n e = I *…”

Section: Saha-boltzmann Equation Methods For N Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of plasma temperature and electron density in laser-induced copper plasma by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion emissions

et al. 2010

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“…However, photomultiplier tubes present the advantage of high detectivity in the visible spectral region and, therefore, they have been employed for specific applications with good results. 137,[153][154][155] The advent of high-quality solid state detectors is revolutionizing the field of atomic spectroscopy. In LIBS, those made up of a combination of several sensors (also called pixels) in one device, allowing the simultaneous acquisition of emission lines along a wide range of wavelengths, have been intensively employed, such as photodiode arrays (PDA) and charge coupled devices (CCD).…”

Section: Detecting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gomba et al 153 determined lithium in aluminumlithium alloys under a controlled xenon atmosphere at low pressure (0.39 atm). The xenon lines were used to calculate the temperature and the electron density of plasma.…”

Section: Alloys and Metallurgic Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

342

195

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Esta revisão descreve os aspectos fundamentais, a instrumentação, as aplicações e tendências futuras de uma técnica analítica que se encontra em seu estágio de consolidação e que está em vias de estabelecer o seu nicho entre as técnicas espectrofotométricas modernas. A técnica é denominada Espectroscopia de Emissão em Plasma Induzido por Laser (em inglês, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) e sua principal característica está no uso de pulsos de laser como fonte de energia para vaporizar a amostra e excitar a emissão de radiação eletromagnética, a partir de seus elementos e/ou fragmentos moleculares. A radiação emitida é analisada por meio de instrumentos ópticos de alta resolução e as suas intensidades são medidas, usualmente com detectores rápidos de estado sólido. Em conjunto, esses dispositivos permitem a geração e a medida de um espectro de emissão de faixa ampla do fenômeno induzido pelo pulso de laser. O espectro registrado contém informação qualitativa e quantitativa que pode ser correlacionada com a identidade da amostra ou empregada na determinação da quantidade de seus constituintes. Essa revisão é dividida em quatro partes. A primeira aborda aspectos históricos da técnica e os conceitos teóricos relevantes associados com LIBS; então, os aspectos práticos de diversas abordagens experimentais e instrumentais empregadas na implementação da técnica são revistos de forma crítica; as aplicações encontradas na literatura, incluindo aquelas que empregam quimiometria, são classificadas e exemplificadas por meio de trabalhos relevantes recentemente publicados. Finalmente, uma tentativa de estabelecer uma avaliação global e as perspectivas futuras para a técnica é apresentada.This review describes the fundamentals, instrumentation, applications and future trends of an analytical technique that is in its early stages of consolidation and is establishing its definitive niches among modern spectrometric techniques. The technique has been named Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and its main characteristic stands in the use of short laser pulses as the energy source to vaporize samples and excite the emission of electromagnetic radiation from its elements and/or molecular fragments. The emitted radiation is analyzed by high resolution optics and the intensities are recorded, usually by fast triggered solid state detectors. Together, these devices allow producing and registering a wide ranging emission spectrum of the short-lived phenomenon induced by the laser pulse. The spectrum contains qualitative and quantitative information which can be correlated with sample identity or can be used to determine the amount of its constituents. This review is divided in four parts. First, the relevant historical and theoretical concepts associated with LIBS are presented; then the main practical aspects of the several experimental and instrumental approaches employed for implementation of the technique are critically described; the applications related in the literature, including those making use of chemometri...

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“…Various researchers world wide have studied and reported effect of laser irradiation on Cu, Li, Zn, Al, Fe, Pb, Sn, Si and their alloy under ambient pressure, vacuum and using gases like argon and neon. They also studied the END and ET behavior at different laser harmonic, energy level and distances of target material from the laser irradiance by using ranges of spectroscopic methods [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. From last few decades, due to diverse applications as well as ease of utilization, relative simplicity, low cost and highshot-rate capability of laser driven material has became a very important field and the description of material in the form of ET and END has added a substantial curiosity in recent years for the understanding and utilization of these complex matter in daily life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of electron number density and temperature of laser-induced Silver plasma

Musadiq¹,

Iqbal

Amin³

et al. 2012

IJET

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Silver (Ag) plasma generated by second harmonics (532 nm) using Nd:YAG laser has been investigated at 17.6 mJ and 88.6 mJ energy level. The spatial behavior of the END and Electron Temperature (ET) was measured at ambient air pressures at different energy level and distance ranging from 0-4.5 mm form the target metal. The ET's were found to be varies from 17895 K to 10593 K, while END was found to be 2.229  10 15 to 6.44  10 14 cm -3 and 1.76  10 16 to 1.893  10 15 cm -3 for 17.6 mJ and 88.6 mJ energy, respectively. The relationship of END and ET found directly related to laser irradiance, while they were inverse to the distance from the target material surface to laser beam source.

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Spectroscopic characterization of laser induced breakdown in aluminium–lithium alloy samples for quantitative determination of traces

Cited by 83 publications

References 19 publications

Measurements of plasma temperature and electron density in laser-induced copper plasma by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion emissions

Measurements of plasma temperature and electron density in laser-induced copper plasma by time-resolved spectroscopy of neutral atom and ion emissions

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Measurement of electron number density and temperature of laser-induced Silver plasma

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