Speed Detection Camera System using Image Processing Techniques on Video Streams

Abstract

Abstract-This paper, presents a new Speed Detection Camera System (SDCS) that is applicable as a radar alternative. SDCS uses several image processing techniques on video stream in online -captured from single camera-or offline mode, which makes SDCS capable of calculating the speed of moving objects avoiding the traditional radars' problems. SDCS offers an en-expensive alternative to traditional radars with the same accuracy or even better. SDCS processes can be divided into four successive phases; first phase is Objects detection phase. Which uses a hybrid algorithm based on combining an adaptive background subtraction technique with a three-frame differencing algorithm which ratifies the major drawback of using only adaptive background subtraction? The second phase is Objects tracking, which consists of three successive operations, Object segmentation, Object labelling, and Object canter extraction. Objects tracking operation takes into consideration the different possible scenarios of the moving object like; Simple tracking, object has left the scene, object has entered the scene, object cross by another object, and object leaves and another one enters the scene. Third phase is speed calculation phase, which is calculated from the number of frames consumed by the object to pass-by the scene. The final phase is Capturing Object's Picture phase, which captures the image of objects that violate the speed limits. SDCS is implemented and tested in many experiments; it proved to have achieved a satisfactory performance.

Vision‐based vehicle speed estimation: A survey

“…Since the cameras are mostly static (except for the drone cameras), in most cases, vehicle detection is addressed by modeling and subtracting the background [12–15, 18, 20–28, 30, 32, 34–37, 40, 42–44, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53–55, 61–63, 65, 71–75, 81, 83, 84, 86, 92, 93, 95, 102, 103, 108, 110–113, 117, 118, 121]. Other approaches are feature‐based, for example, detecting the license plate [31, 41, 49, 60, 66, 68, 70, 76, 77, 80, 82, 94, 122, 125] or other features of the vehicle [38, 39, 45, 49, 57–59, 69, 71, 79, 87, 91, 95, 96, 98, 99, 110–112, 116, 117, 123].…”

“…Second, those methods focused on tracking the centroid of the blob or the bounding box of the vehicle [25, 34, 35, 40, 48, 50, 52, 56, 65, 72, 73, 75, 83, 86, 95, 103, 106, 111, 118, 121, 122]. Finally, those approaches that focus on tracking the entire vehicle [15, 16, 18, 26–30, 32, 36, 42–44, 47, 54, 57, 63, 78, 81, 84, 89, 91, 98, 102, 104, 105, 108, 109, 111, 113, 114, 120, 125, 128, 129], or a specific part of it (such as the license plate [41, 49, 60, 66, 68, 70, 76, 77, 80, 82, 94, 100, 125]).…”

“…The first categorization is directly related to the attempt to devise an accurate system to be used for speed enforcement ( speed camera application domain) [13, 17, 18, 32, 33, 39, 41–43, 51, 53, 54, 61, 65–68, 70, 72, 74, 76–78, 80, 82, 84–86, 94, 100–102, 107, 108, 111, 112, 114, 119, 122–125] or a less accurate approach that can still be used for traffic speed estimation ( traffic camera application scenario) [12, 14–16, 19–31, 34–38, 40, 44–50, 52, 55–60, 62–64, 69, 71, 73, 75, 79, 81, 83, 87–93, 95–99, 103–106, 109–111, 113, 115–118, 120, 121, 126–129]. Although in some cases it is claimed that accurate speed detection is targeted, some aspects such as the low resolution of the camera, a limited experimental evaluation or the absence of an appropriate ground truth make us to categorize these manuscripts as traffic speed systems.…”

Speed Estimation of Multiple Moving Objects from a Moving UAV Platform

“…Ibrahim et al [20] implemented a speed detection system using video streams. They used an adaptive background subtraction technique for object detection.…”

Real Time Barcode Recognition System using LabVIEW

“…When the product close to the camera, its image is captured with proper illumination so that decoding is possible and is error free. The camera then processes the obtained image using image processing algorithm and techniques [4], [6]. Different type of barcodes use different techniques for decoding the information stored in them [1].…”