Spherical Crystallization: Direct Spherical Agglomeration of Salicylic Acid Crystals During Crystallization

Abstract

Direct spherical agglomeration of salicylic acid crystals during crystallization is described. The needle-like salicylic acid crystals simultaneously form and agglomerate in a mixture of three partially miscible liquids, such as water, ethanol, and chloroform, with agitation. The agglomerates can be made directly into tablets because of their excellent flowability. Spherical crystallization could eliminate the usual separate agglomeration step after crystallization and may be adaptable to other pharmaceutical and chemical systems.

Spherical crystals of celecoxib to improve solubility, dissolution rate and micromeritic properties

“…The spherically agglomerated crystals are formed by coalescence of these dispersed crystals (15). Generally hydrophilic materials, like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, etc., are used to impart strength and sphericity to the agglomerates (11,14). However, the aqueous solubility of celecoxib in spherical crystals was not satisfactorily improved by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (11).…”

“…These solvents have been used successfully in previous studies. Chloroform, although currently not widely used, has shown high application in the formation of spherical crystals (11,14). Hence, this solvent system was used in the present study.…”

Agglomeration of Celecoxib by Quasi Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method: Effect of Stabilizer

“…The technology has the capability to agglomerates the crystals directly inside the reactor where the properties of agglomerates can be controlled. [1][2][3] However, this method is still not widely employed in pharmaceutical industry. This could be due to the lack of understanding and governing the process parameters that permit the efficient production of agglomerates.…”

Effect of Additives on the Physicochemical and Drug Release Properties of Pioglitazone Hydrochloride Spherical Agglomerates

“…Various methods are reported in the literature for generating spherical agglomerates, including spherical agglomeration (SA), emulsion solvent diffusion (ESD), ammonia diffusion and neutralization [6]. Among these, SA and ESD methods are widely employed [7,8].…”