Spice-Derived Essential Oils: Effective Antifungal and Possible Therapeutic Agents

Kamble, Vilas A.; Patil, Sahadeo D.

doi:10.1080/10496470802598677

Cited by 49 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Varying fungal activity was recorded with the EOs derived from 20 spices against 9 fungi, including nutmeg, A. niger. While some EOs inhibited all test fungi, response of other EOs, like the nutmeg varied with the fungal species (Kamble & Patil, 2008). The inhibitory effects of essential oils againt alternaria alternata by five EOs (thyme, sage, nutmeg, eucaptus, and cassia) were studied (Feng & Zheng, 2007).…”

Section: Antifungal Activity Of the Crude Eo Identification And Quanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Antifungals in Nutmeg Essential Oil against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus

Valente

Jham

Jardim

et al. 2014

JFR

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Aiming to substitute toxic synthetic fungicides, the activity of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil (EO, obtained by hydrodistillation) was investigated against two important storage fungi-Aspergillus flavus A. ochraceus. The activity of crude nutmeg EO was investigated using poison food assay (PFA). At a concentration of 0.1%, the EO inhibited A. flavus and A. ochraceus growth by 43 and 65%, respectively. At a concentration of 0.3 %, A. flavus and A. ochraceus inhibitions were 84 and 79%, respectively. The crude nutmeg EO on fractionation by preparative TLC-bioautography presented one band from which two pure compounds were isolated by semi-preparative normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Myristicin and safrole were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H and 13 C) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative % of myristicin and safrol in the crude EO was 10.8 and 2.9, respectively, determined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The crude EO, the isolated active fraction, isolated myristicin and standard myristicin presented similar activities against the two fungi at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3% by PFA. Based on these results it is concluded that myristicin is the major antifungal in nutmeg EO against A. flavus and A. ochraceus.

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Section: Antifungal Activity Of the Crude Eo Identification And Quanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Antifungals in Nutmeg Essential Oil against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus

Valente

Jham

Jardim

et al. 2014

JFR

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“…Eugenol has a multitude of properties which make it useful in a wide variety of applications, including as an antioxidant (Kramer, 1985;Pulla and Lokesh, 1992), as an antifungal agent (Kamble and Patil, 2008), as an antibacterial agent (Karapmar and Aktuğ, 1987;Kouidhi et al, 2010) and as an antiparasitic agent (Machado et al, 2011). Considering clove oil's antibacterial, antiparasitic and antifungal effects, repeated treatment data may be helpful for its usein aquaculture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Akbulut¹,

Çakmak²,

Özel³

et al. 2012

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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The aim of this study wasto determine the optimal dose and the time required to reach a stable level of anaesthesia using clove oil and benzocaine on Siberian sturgeon fry (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869) with a mean length of 10.0±0.93 (7.2-12.0) cm and weight of 4.1±0.95 (2.1-6.4) g, and to compare the effects of them on feed intake after anaesthesia. In addition, the survival time and relationship between exposure duration and recovery time in 96 min with the optimal concentrations of these two anaesthetics were examined as part of the anaesthesia procedure. Effective concentrations (EC 50 ) were estimated to be 356 (330-381) mg/L of clove oil and 37 (33-40) mg/L of benzocaine for 3 minutes with 95% confidence limits. The recovery time with clove oil was longer than with benzocaine at 6, 12, 24 and 48 minutes (P<0.05). The mean lethal times (MLT 50 ) were estimated as 37.2 (5.1-69.3) min for clove oil and 63.0 (6.1-120.0) min for benzocaine with 95% confidence limits. Feed intake in fish treated with clove oil and benzocaine occurred within ten minutes, but the effect of both anaesthetics on feed intake continued for 4 h. However, it was determined that the effect of clove oil on feed intake was less than that of benzocaine.Keywords: Siberian sturgeon, Anaesthesia, clove oil, benzocaine, feed intake. Sibirya Mersini (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869)'nde Benzokain ve Karanfil Yağı Kullanımının Yem Alımına Etkisi ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, Sibirya mersin balıklarının (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869) bayıltılması için en uygun karanfil yağı ve benzokainin dozlarını belirlemek, anesteziye maruz kalma süresinin ayılma süresine etkisini incelemek ve bu bayıltıcıların anesteziden sonra yem alımına etkilerini karşılaştırmaktır. Ayrıca, anestezi işleminin bir parçası olarak bu iki bayıltıcının en uygun konsantrasyonlarında 96 dakika içinde yaşama suresi ve anesteziye maruz kalma suresi ile ayılma suresi arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Çalışmada ortalama boyları 10,0±0,93 (7,2-12,0) cm ve ağırlıkları 4,1±0,95 (2,1-6,4) g olan yavru balıklar kullanılmıştır. Bu balıkların karanfil yağı ve benzokain ile 3 dakika içinde bayılmaları için etkili konsantrasyonlar (EC 50 ) %95 güven sınırları ile sırasıyla 356 (330-381) mg/L ve 37 (33-40) mg/L olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Karanfil yağı ile bayıltılan balıkların ayılma suresi 6, 12, 24 ve 48 dakikalarda benzokainden daha uzun olmuştur (P<0,05). Karanfil yağı ve benzokain için ortalama ölüm süresi %95 güven sınırları ile sırasıyla 37,2 (5,1-69,3) ve 63,0 (6,1-120,0) dakika olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Karanfil yağı ve benzokain ile bayıltılan balıklar 10 dakika içinde yem almaya başlamış, fakat her iki anestezinin de yem alımına etkisi dört saate kadar devam etmiştir. Ama karanfil yağının yem alımına etkisinin benzokainden daha az olduğu belirlenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sibirya mersini, bayıltma, karanfil yağı, benzokain, yem alımı.

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“…Its main active ingredients include eugenol (76.8-88.58%), eugenyl acetate (1.2-5.62%) and β-caryophyllene (1.39-17.4%) (Jirovetz et al, 2006;Chaieb et al, 2007). Eugenol has a multitude of properties making it useful in a wide variety of applications, including as an antioxidant (Kramer, 1985;Pulla and Lokesh, 1992), antifungal (Kamble and Patil, 2008;Hoskonen et al 2015), antibacterial (Karapmar and Aktug,1987;Kouidhi et al, 2010) or as an antiparasitic agent (Machado et al, 2011). Several studies have shown that clove oil is an effective agent in the sedation of larvae (Akbulut et al, 2011a), fry (Endo et al, 1972;Woolsey et al, 2004;Akbulut et al, 2012a), juvenile (Keene et al, 1998;Uçar and Atamanalp, 2010;Akbulut et al, 2011b) and adult fish of various species (Hikasa et al, 1986;Wagner et al, 2002;Hoskonen and Pirhonen, 2004).…”

Section: öZetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Aydın¹,

Akbulut²,

Küçük³

et al. 2015

Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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The effects of four concentrations of clove oil (150, 300, 450 and 600 mg L -1 ) as ananaesthetic substance at three temperature levels (10, 15 and 20°C) and three fish size (as weight) groups (57.0±11.3, 103.0±11.9 and 457.0±89.8 g) on induction and recovery times in turbot (Psetta maxima) were investigated in this study. The fish were individually exposed to each clove oil bath in 10, 20 or 50L buckets with respect to fish size and were recovered in a 500-L tank with running seawater. Temperature, fish size and clove oil concentrations were found to have significant effects on induction and recovery times in turbot (P<0.01). Induction and recovery times were both less than half when the temperature was increased from 10 to 20°C (P<0.01). The duration to reach surgical anaesthesia and recovery times of small size turbot varied in relation to temperature, but were generally shorter than big size turbot (P<0.01). Overall, the increase of clove oil concentration from 150 to 600 mg L -1 decreased the induction time by a factor of 2.3 but on the contrary, prolonged the full recovery time by a factor of 1.92. The surgical anesthesia was attained in all the groups under 4.45 min at 150 mg L -1 or even under 2 min at 600 mg L -1 clove oil concentration. However, the time of recovery ranged from 4.32 min (150 mg L -1 ) to 8.29 min (600 mg L -1 ). Based on our results, the clove oil concentrations around 180-220 mg L -1 appeared to be adequate to be used for fast anaesthesia and relatively short recovery time for turbot. Mean effective concentration (EC50) of clove oil was calculated as 190.00 ± 10.34 mg L -1 with 95% confidence limits for overall three temperature and fish sizes. This study has demonstrated that clove oil can be safely and effectively used in the anaesthesia of turbot.

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Spice-Derived Essential Oils: Effective Antifungal and Possible Therapeutic Agents

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Major Antifungals in Nutmeg Essential Oil against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus

Major Antifungals in Nutmeg Essential Oil against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus

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