Spinal extradural arteriovenous fistula with intradural drainage: three surgical cases with long-term follow-up

Abstract

Spinal extradural arteriovenous fistulas (SEDAVF) with intradural drainage are uncommon vascular lesions that cause venous congestive myelopathy. We present three SEDAVF with intradural drainage treated with surgical disconnection of the intradural drainage via a single level laminectomy, followed by transarterial embolization (TAE) with Onyx if spontaneous thrombosis of the extradural fistula did not occur spontaneously. All patients improved their neurological condition and no congestive myelopathy recurrence was noted after mean follow-up of 84 months. We believe that SEDAVF with intradural drainage constitute a specific entity that should be included in the classifications of spinal arteriovenous malformations.

Lumbar tap–induced subarachnoid hemorrhage in a case of spinal epidural arteriovenous fistula

“…In type A SEDAVF, patients often experience combined motor and sensory disturbance as well as blad- der and bowel dysfunction due to congestive myelopathy. 2,5,[7][8][9]12,19,21,[23][24][25][27][28][29][30][32][33][34]36 Among 42 reported cases of type A SEDAVF (Table 1), only 1 patient, a 55-year-old man, presented with cervical hematomyelia. 24 Although our patient presented with SAH, it was not considered as a presenting symptom.…”

Spinal Intraosseous Epidural Arteriovenous Fistula; A Late Complication of Vertebral Compression Fracture: Two Case Reports

“…Spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEDAVFs) are extremely rare and the pathological process still remains unclear [1][2][3] . Only few cases or case series have been reported in literature 1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] .It is postulated that, in SEDAVF, branches of the radicular artery directly communicate with the epidural venous plexus and often manifests clinically as radiculopathy 1 . In most cases, this symptomatology is often progressive as a result of intradural vein reflux as well as venous congestive hypertension 7 .…”