SPR Biosensors

Ho, Aaron Ho-Pui; Wu, S.Y.; Kong, Siu‐Kai; Zeng, Shuwen; Yong, Ken‐Tye

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5052-4_38

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In order to replicate an optogenetic experiment we modeled transmission of light through brain tissue with the Kubelka-Munk model for diffuse scattering in planar, homogeneous media 20 given by …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics

Lepperød

Stöber

Hafting

et al. 2018

Preprint

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To study how the brain works, it is crucial to identify causal interactions between neurons, which is thought to require perturbations. However, when using optogenetics we typically perturb multiple neurons, producing a confound -any of the stimulated neurons can have affected the postsynaptic neuron. Here we show how this produces large biases, and how they can be reduced using the instrumental variable (IV) technique from econometrics. The interaction between stimulation and the absolute refractory period produces a weak, approximately random signal which can be exploited to estimate causal connectivity. When simulating integrate-and-fire neurons, we find that estimates from IV are better than naïve techniques (R 2 = 0.77 vs R 2 = 0.01). The difference is important as the estimates disagree when applied to experimental data from stimulated neurons with recorded spiking activity. Presented is a robust analysis framework for mapping out network connectivity based on causal neuron interactions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here d is the diameter of the optical fiber, NA is the numerical aperture of the optical fiber and n is the refraction index for gray matter 20 ; see numerical values for parameters in Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics

Lepperød

Stöber

Hafting

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[ 1,3 ] They show high detection efficiency, good photon‐number‐resolving ability, and low dark count rate (DCR), etc. However, with the rapid development of photon‐counting applications such as quantum cryptography, [ 1,4 ] in vivo biomedical imaging, [ 5–7 ] time‐of‐flight (TOF) 3D scanners, [ 8 ] light detection and ranging (LiDAR), [ 9 ] fiber‐optic temperature sensor, [ 10 ] optical time domain reflectometry, [ 11 ] deep‐space optical communications, [ 12 ] and optical neuromorphic computing, [ 13 ] etc., accurate observation, manipulation, and encoding of single quantum bit is urgently needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Single‐Photon Detectors Based on Low‐Dimensional Materials

Wang

Guo

Miao

et al. 2021

Small

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Single‐photon detectors (SPDs) that can sense individual photons are the most sensitive instruments for photodetection. Established SPDs such as conventional silicon or III–V compound semiconductor avalanche diodes and photomultiplier tubes have been used in a wide range of time‐correlated photon‐counting applications, including quantum information technologies, in vivo biomedical imaging, time‐of‐flight 3D scanners, and deep‐space optical communications. However, further development of these fields requires more sophisticated detectors with high detection efficiency, fast response, and photon‐number‐resolving ability, etc. Thereby, significant efforts have been made to improve the performance of conventional SPDs and to develop new photon‐counting technologies. In this review, the working mechanisms and key performance metrics of conventional SPDs are first summarized. Then emerging photon‐counting detectors (in the visible to infrared range) based on 0D quantum dots, 1D quantum nanowires, and 2D layered materials are discussed. These low‐dimensional materials exhibit many exotic properties due to the quantum confinement effect. And photodetectors built from these nD‐materials (n = 0, 1, 2) can potentially be used for ultra‐weak light detection. By reviewing the status and discussing the challenges faced by SPDs, this review aims to provide future perspectives on the research directions of emerging photon‐counting technologies.

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“…In different fields of physics and chemistry confining or trapping particles paves the way for e.g. high resolution spectroscopy of cold and ultracold molecules [1,2], optical tweezer based manipulation of soft materials [3] and the exploration of ultracold quantum matter and Bose-Einstein condensates [4].…”

Section: Motivation and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral properties of confining superexponential potentials

Schmelcher¹

2021

J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.

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We explore the spectral properties and behaviour of confining superexponential potentials. Several prototypes of these highly nonlinear potentials are analysed in terms of the eigenvalues and eigenstates of the underlying stationary Schrödinger equation up to several hundreds of excited states. A generalization of the superexponential self-interacting oscillator shows a scaling behaviour of the spacing of the eigenvalues which turns into an alternating behaviour for the power law modified oscillator. Superexponential potentials with an oscillating power show a very rich spectral structure with varying amplitudes and wave vectors. In the parity symmetric case doublets of near degenerate energy eigenvalues emerge in the spectrum. The corresponding eigenstates are strongly localized in the outer wells of the potential and occur as even–odd pairs which are interspersed into the spectrum of delocalized states. We provide an outlook on future perspectives including the possibility to use these features for applications in e.g. cold atom physics.

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SPR Biosensors

Cited by 10 publications

References 65 publications

Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics

Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics

Emerging Single‐Photon Detectors Based on Low‐Dimensional Materials

Spectral properties of confining superexponential potentials

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