Spring phenology shows genetic variation among and within populations in seedlings of Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>L.) in the Scottish Highlands

Salmela, Matti J.; Cavers, Stephen; Cottrell, Joan; Iason, Glenn R.; Ennos, Richard A.

doi:10.1080/17550874.2013.795627

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The few previous studies in Scots pine have shown that populations are also differentiated in the timing of bud burst, with populations from cool, higher altitude locations, higher latitudes and short growing seasons flushing buds earlier (Beuker, ; Salmela et al ., ). In Norway spruce, PaFTL2 expression declined earlier in the early flushing clone than in the late flushing one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association ofFLOWERING LOCUST/TERMINAL FLOWER1‐like geneFTL2expression with growth rhythm in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

et al. 2014

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SummaryUnderstanding the genetic basis of the timing of bud set, an important trait in conifers, is relevant for adaptation and forestry practice. In common garden experiments, both Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) show a latitudinal cline in the trait.We compared the regulation of their bud set biology by examining the expression of PsFTL2, a Pinus sylvestris homolog to PaFTL2, a FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (FT/TFL1)-like gene, the expression levels of which have been found previously to be associated with the timing of bud set in Norway spruce. In a common garden study, we analyzed the relationship of bud phenology under natural and artificial photoperiods and the expression of PsFTL2 in a set of Scots pine populations from different latitudes.The expression of PsFTL2 increased in the needles preceding bud set and decreased during bud burst. In the northernmost population, even short night periods were efficient to trigger this expression, which also increased earlier under all photoperiodic regimes compared with the southern populations.Despite the different biology, with few limitations, the two conifers that diverged 140 million yr ago probably share an association of FTL2 with bud set, pointing to a common mechanism for the timing of growth cessation in conifers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association ofFLOWERING LOCUST/TERMINAL FLOWER1‐like geneFTL2expression with growth rhythm in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

et al. 2014

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“…Despite this, populations retain high levels of selectively neutral variation and exhibit little or no differentiation for these markers (Kinloch et al ., ; Wachowiak et al ., , ), which indicates that the fragments remain connected by gene flow and experience its homogenizing effects. Studies from common garden trials, in contrast, report significant genetic differentiation related to site of origin for adaptive traits including timing of growth initiation, response to seasonal temperatures and timing of bud flush (Salmela et al ., , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substantial heritable variation for susceptibility to Dothistroma septosporum within populations of native British Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

et al. 2016

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The threat from pests and pathogens to native and commercially planted forest trees is unprecedented and expected to increase under climate change. The degree to which forests respond to threats from pathogens depends on their adaptive capacity, which is determined largely by genetically controlled variation in susceptibility of the individual trees within them and the heritability and evolvability of this trait. The most significant current threat to the economically and ecologically important species Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is dothistroma needle blight (DNB), caused by the foliar pathogen Dothistroma septosporum. A progeny‐population trial of 4‐year‐old Scots pine trees, comprising six populations from native Caledonian pinewoods each with three to five families in seven blocks, was artificially inoculated using a single isolate of D. septosporum. Susceptibility to D. septosporum, assessed as the percentage of non‐green needles, was measured regularly over a period of 61 days following inoculation, during which plants were maintained in conditions ideal for DNB development (warm; high humidity; high leaf wetness). There were significant differences in susceptibility to D. septosporum among families indicating that variation in this trait is heritable, with high estimates of narrow‐sense heritability (0.38–0.75) and evolvability (genetic coefficient of variation, 23.47). It is concluded that native Scots pine populations contain sufficient genetic diversity to evolve lower susceptibility to D. septosporum through natural selection in response to increased prevalence of this pathogen.

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“…Nucleotide variation in Scottish populations was not compatible with a simple recolonization model (Wachowiak et al 2010) and some evidence for possible northern refugia has been suggested by ancient DNA studies (Parducci et al 2012). Regardless of migration trajectories, postglacial expansion of the species was accompanied by adaptation to local environments as evident from quantitative genetic studies in Scots pine that showed large variation of morphological (growth dynamics, wood quality), physiological, growth traits and stress response across the environmental gradient related to photoperiod and temperature (Salmela et al 2013;Hurme et al 1997). This phenotypic differentiation is accompanied by relatively low variation in neutral markers, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High genetic similarity between Polish and North European Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations at nuclear gene loci

Wachowiak

Wójkiewicz

Cavers

et al. 2014

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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The NERC and CEH trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. Polish populations share the same genetic background at the analysed nuclear gene markers.However, the populations showed a much closer genetic relationship with North European samples than other regional groups of populations. Across the very uniform genetic background of the populations we identified several genes with outlier patterns of haplotype, polymorphism frequency variation and departures from compound neutrality tests. Our data indicate that the Central and NorthEuropean parts of the Scots pine distribution seem particularly suitable for association genetic studies to link phenotypic and genetic variation at a large geographical scale.

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Spring phenology shows genetic variation among and within populations in seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) in the Scottish Highlands

Cited by 43 publications

References 59 publications

Association ofFLOWERING LOCUST/TERMINAL FLOWER1‐like geneFTL2expression with growth rhythm in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

Association ofFLOWERING LOCUST/TERMINAL FLOWER1‐like geneFTL2expression with growth rhythm in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

Substantial heritable variation for susceptibility to Dothistroma septosporum within populations of native British Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

High genetic similarity between Polish and North European Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) populations at nuclear gene loci

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