Square-wave Adsorptive Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Antidiabetic Drug Linagliptin in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Biological Fluids Using a Pencil Graphite Electrode

Abstract

A simple, sensitive, low cost, quick and reliable square wave anodic stripping voltammetric method was described for the determination of antidiabetic drug Linagliptin (LNG) in pure form, tablets, and spiked human urine and plasma samples. Using the pencil graphite electrode (PGE), cyclic voltammetry (CV) was applied to study the electrochemical behavior of LNG. In Teorell & Stenhagen buffer (pH 5.5) containing 0.1 M NaClO4 as supporting electrolyte, LNG yields an irreversible well-defined oxidation peak at about 1.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl electrode. The various affecting factors such as pH, buffer type, supporting electrolyte, accumulation potential, scan rate and accumulation time were tested and optimized. Also, square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetric (SWAdASV) studies show that peak current is varied linearly over the LNG concentration range of 0.24-5.20 µg mL-1 (R 2 = 0.9994). The detection and quantification limits were calculated to be 0.10 and 0.33 µg mL-1 , respectively. The proposed procedure exhibits a good precision, selectivity, and stability and was applied successfully to determine the LNG in pharmaceutical formulations (tablets) and biological fluids (spiked human urine and plasma samples).

Graphite Studded with Facile-Synthesized Cu2O Nanoparticle-Based Cubes as a Novel Electrochemical Sensor for Highly Sensitive Voltametric Determination of Mebeverine Hydrochloride

“…The low value of % RSD indicates the good precision and accuracy of the method. The lower limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were calculated using the following two equations: LOD = 3σ/b and LOQ = 10σ/b, where σ is the standard deviation of the intercept and b is the slope of the calibration curve [13,14,34,[40][41][42]. The calculated values of LOQ and LOQ for ten repeated quantifications of MEB and related regression data of the elaborated calibration plot are presented in Table 2.…”

“…The current work is a continuation of our efforts in the field of voltametric quantification of pharmaceuticals using bare [34,40] and modified [41,42] electrodes. Herein, we propose a simple and straightforward strategy for the synthesis of cuprous oxide microcubes (Cu 2 ONPs-C).…”

Square Wave Anodic Voltammetric Determination of Antidiabetic Drug Linagliptin in The Dosage Form and Biological Fluids by Microparticles Copper Pencil Graphite Electrode

“…LNG scheme 1 (Trajenta ® ) is an oral, consider as a highly selective (DPP-4) inhibitor [3] . There are many methods reported for determination of LNG, spectrophotometric [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] , spectrofluorometric [11,12] , high-performance thin-layer chromatographic [13,14] , high-performance liquid chromatographic [4, , conductometric [37] and voltammetric methods [38][39][40] either alone or in the mixtures with other antidiabetic agents. The squire wave voltammetric technique used in the proposed method has an excellent considerable sensitivity up to 10 -12 M, fast analysis times (seconds), the ability to determine kinetic and mechanistic parameters, and small currents measured [41] .…”

“…Pencil graphite electrode recently has excellent electroanalysis attention for many advantages: being disposable, availability, low cost, good electrochemical reactivity, simplicity, mechanical rigidity, and ease of modification [42] . The cited method is our team's continuous effort to presented differences and more sensitive ways to determine LNG [12,39] . The mentioned electrode is more sensitive than the other reported ones; it has a detection limit of 6.0 ng mL -1 , while the previous electrodes have a detection limit of 5340.0, 100.0, and 8.0 ng mL -1 [38,39] , respectively.…”

“…The cited method is our team's continuous effort to presented differences and more sensitive ways to determine LNG [12,39] . The mentioned electrode is more sensitive than the other reported ones; it has a detection limit of 6.0 ng mL -1 , while the previous electrodes have a detection limit of 5340.0, 100.0, and 8.0 ng mL -1 [38,39] , respectively.…”