Stagnation in Decreasing Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Quito: Time Trend Analysis, 1985–2013

Abstract

Background. Despite the significant global decline in mortality and incidence, gastric cancer (GC) remains a very common cause of illness and death in the Latin American region. This article seeks to describe, in depth, the time trend of incidence and mortality of GC in the city of Quito, from 1985 to 2013. Methods. Using data from the Quito Cancer Registry, annual sex-specific age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated. The analysis included all types of GC together, as well as by histological subtype. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to estimate the annual percentage change (EAPC). To evaluate cohort and period effects, Age-Period-Cohort (APC) modeling was performed. Results. Over time, incidence rate decreased from 30.4 to 18.8 cases in men and from 20.1 to 12.9 cases in women. The mortality rate decreased from 17.5 to 14.4 deaths in men and from 14.2 to 10.9 deaths in women. The incidence trend was composed of a first period (1986-1999) of strong decline (EAPC Men= -2.6, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -4.2, -0.9; EAPC Women= -3.2, 95% CI: -4.6, -1.9), followed by a less important decrease in men (EAPC= -0.8, 95% CI:-2.5, 0.9) and a slight increase in women (EAPC= 0.7, 95% CI: -1.4; 2.8). Mortality rates were constantly decreasing in both men (EAPC= -0.5, 95% CI: -0.9, -0.1) and women (EAPC= -0.9, 95% CI: -1.7, -0.1) throughout the period of analysis. Conclusions. The declines in incidence and mortality rates are stagnating. It is important to take measures to further reduce the high burden of GC.

Progress, challenges and ways forward supporting cancer surveillance in Latin America

“…The formal involvement of Academia (Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá) in the Hub advisory committee has yielded further benefits. Students from both Masters and Doctoral programs in Public Health and Clinical Epidemiology, working in close relation with cancer registries personnel, have yielded successful presentations at congresses 21,22,31 scientific publications 32‐34 and longer term collaborations (Table 2).…”

“…Health and Clinical Epidemiology, working in close relation with cancer registries personnel, have yielded successful presentations at congresses 21,22,31 scientific publications [32][33][34] and longer term collaborations (Table 2).…”

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“…Gastric cancer (GC) ranks third among the causes of cancer‐related deaths in the world 1 . Lately, the incidence and mortality of GC have decreased based on new diagnosis and treatment strategies 2‐4 . Due to late diagnosis and recurrence, the 5‐year overall survival rate of patients with advanced GC is poor (less than 30%) 5,6 …”

“…1 Lately, the incidence and mortality of GC have decreased based on new diagnosis and treatment strategies. [2][3][4] Due to late diagnosis and recurrence, the 5-year overall survival rate of patients with advanced GC is poor (less than 30%). 5,6 Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted the attention of the biomedicine field because of their unique structure (single-stranded RNA with closed-loop structure).…”