Stark shift of an interband transition in Cu determined by surface charge measurements

Analysis of potentiostatic current transients at metal/liquid interfaces: resolving the effects of a finite step interval

“…(19) or Eqn. (21). We note from Tables 1 and 2 that, for both electrolytes used, the values of from the EIS data are approximately of the same order of magnitude as the corresponding values of t from Table 3.…”

“…Later we show that in the present work all the current transients recorded at the WE of the electrochemical cell can be described by Eqn. (21). We also note that for moderate values of (as used in the present work) the current described by Eqn.…”

Measurement of differential capacitance for faradaic systems under potentiodynamic conditions: Considerations of Fourier transform and phase-selective techniques

“…The phase-selective capacitance technique is suitable for those systems where each individual parallel branch within Z s only contains capacitive elements, or series connections of capacitances with charge transfer resistances [2][3][4][5][6]. These conditions are satisfied if diffusion limited mass transfer is (i) absent, or (ii) can be described as simple ''restricted diffusion'' with a resistive diffusion impedance in the DC limit, or (iii) in the case of semi-infinite diffusion, can be modeled (as we will show in Section 2.4) with a Warburg element connected in series with an adsorption capacitance.…”

“…It provides an accurate measure of the excess charge at an electrode surface [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], and contains detailed information about microscopic properties of the electrode interface [8][9][10][11][12]. Most traditional differential capacitance techniques use phase-selective AC voltammetry (ACV) [2][3][4][5][6]10,[13][14][15][16] where a sinusoidal perturbation voltage at a fixed frequency is superimposed on the DC voltage of cyclic voltammetry (CV); the in-phase and quadrature components of the resulting AC current are measured as functions of the DC voltage, and the measured parameters are converted to (voltage dependent) C diff . If these measurements are performed at more than one AC frequencies, then the DC voltage scan of CV is repeated every time the frequency is changed [2][3][4][5][6]13].…”

“…Most traditional differential capacitance techniques use phase-selective AC voltammetry (ACV) [2][3][4][5][6]10,[13][14][15][16] where a sinusoidal perturbation voltage at a fixed frequency is superimposed on the DC voltage of cyclic voltammetry (CV); the in-phase and quadrature components of the resulting AC current are measured as functions of the DC voltage, and the measured parameters are converted to (voltage dependent) C diff . If these measurements are performed at more than one AC frequencies, then the DC voltage scan of CV is repeated every time the frequency is changed [2][3][4][5][6]13]. This approach only is practical for systems held in ''long-term'' stationary state that provide identical surface conditions in repetitive CV cycles and throughout the time (at least several minutes in most cases) necessary to complete the multiple DC scans.…”