State‐Led Gentrification

Abstract

State‐led gentrification is a form of gentrification planned, commanded, or promoted by state agencies at national, regional, metropolitan or municipal level, as part of either a nationwide or local‐level restructuring agenda, aimed at generating specific urban and land conditions for gentrification to occur. It is the result of one of several policies designed to promote the opening of economic opportunities for upper income housing production, or even the prescription or direct application of social displacement policies on originally low income residential areas or public spaces now zoned for upgrading redevelopment. The strong presence of the state in this form of gentrification is increasingly prevalent globally. State‐led gentrification is a different phenomenon from the classical narratives of gentrification which were seen in the 1960s and 1970s in the Western hemisphere, where it was agent‐led neighborhood‐level forms of redevelopment that formed the basis of gentrification; however, its roots can be tracked in the nineteenth‐century Haussmann Plan for Paris as a first well‐documented case of urban gentrification proper.

Migration, gentrification and housing crisis. The case of Peruvians living in Abasto (Buenos Aires)

“…The second concerns people, reflecting the replacement of the original users of the space by others of higher socio-economic status. Regarding the push-out effect of gentrification, analyses have tended to explain it in terms of the social class variable, often subsuming others such as race or ethnicity (Fallon, 2020;López-Morales, 2019). However, accumulating evidence has increasingly shown that both migrant populations and racial and ethnic minorities suffer higher levels of exposure to gentrification (Betancur, 2011;Bolt et al, 2009;Goetz, 2011;Hyra, 2018).…”

Reinvertir en la Habana: Mercantilización de la vivienda, y gentrificación en los barrios céntricos de una ciudad socialista del sur global

“…Estas mismas zonas pueden ser espacios urbanos en los que el Estado, en asociación con firmas extranjeras, reinvierte en la ciudad para atraer flujos financieros, señas de una metropolización que se ha iniciado en esta aglomeración importante del Caribe y cuya fragmentación del espacio por el mercado comienzan a verse más claramente en el paisaje urbano. Como ejemplos se pueden mencionar el Centro de Negocios Miramar construido a partir del 1999 y los grandes hoteles de cuatro o cinco estrellas (Figura 5) que han florecido en los últimos años que favorecen el desembarco de flujos de capital extranjero en áreas que luego se convierten en zonas de inversión y permiten considerar el papel del Estado en la capitalización del espacio urbano (Hackworth y Smith 2001, López-Morales 2019.…”