Statistical Analysis of the Level of Economic Activity and Level of Unemployment in Ukraine

Abstract

Introduction. Economically active population causes both direct growth of the gross domestic product of the country and the creation of progressive labour relations. It is the basis for the formation of the middle class. Instead, high unemployment (underutilization of labour potential) is a major economic and social problem for the country. Therefore, the study of factors that affect the level of economic activity of the population and the level of unemployment is an actual scientific task. It is also important to study the economic activity and unemployment of the population of Ukraine in the regional context and a comparative analysis of regions by the size of these indicators. Purpose. The article aims to obtain analytical dependencies of unemployment rates and economic activity of the population of Ukraine on a number of factors, as well as clusterization of regions of Ukraine according to unemployment rates. Method (methodology). To achieve the goal, official statistical information on the labour market of Ukraine has been used. The following statistical methods such as correlation analysis, least squares method and hierarchical cluster analysis are used. Results. The analytical dependence of the level of economic activity and the unemployment rate of Ukrainian population on the duration of studies is constructed. Economic activity, depending on the duration of studies, has been received in the form of a logistic function with saturation of 92%. The unemployment rate is respectively a downline linear function. The educational levels, which are already sufficient to ensure high economic activity of the population, have been identified. A correlation analysis of the interdependence of a number of factors that influence the level of unemployment has been established. It has been performed the clusterization of the regions of Ukraine according to the percentage of unemployment among the economically active population, the unemployment rate for one vacancy and the proportion of the urban population. Five key clusters have been identified. On the basis if use of statistical methods, we have concluded that the most important factor in reducing unemployment is the increase in the economic activity of the population. It is determined that in order to increase the competitiveness of labour force in Ukraine it is necessary to stimulate the population to improve its level of education, in particular, to increase the duration of studies.

Labor market asymmetries and mechanisms for regulating them in the context of achieving the sustainable development goals

“…Експерти Світового банку закликають уряди країн інвестувати в людський капітал, щоб працівники могли набути навичок, затребуваних на ринку праці, а також посилити соціальний захист і поширити його на всіх людей у суспільстві [ Вагомий внесок у дослідження і розв'язання наукової проблеми функціонування ринку праці здійснили українські науковці: Міщук Н. В., Завада О. П. [4], Колот А. [2], Лібанова Е.…”

“…На думку науковців, кількість років навчання суттєво впливає на рівень економічної активності. Відтак, дуже важливо щоб практично все населення України навчалося не менше, ніж 11 років, найбажаніше -понад 13 років; при цьому тип освіти (професійно-технічна чи вища) на економічну активність практично не впливають [4].…”