Statistical Methods for Nuclear Materials Safeguards: An Overview

Comprehensive Uncertainty Quantification in Nuclear Safeguards

“…Typically, many measurements are combined to estimate the terms in , begin , out , and end in the MB; therefore, the central limit effect and years of experience suggest that MBs in most facilities will be approximately normally distributed with the mean equal to the true NM loss and standard deviation , which is expressed as ∼ ( , ), where denotes the MB and the notation is a shortened version of MB, . A sequence of MBs will be assumed to have approximately a multivariate normal distribution [38][39][40][41][42][43], ( 1 , 2 , . . .…”

“…There are other tests in the literature, including the power one and scan tests [38,[41][42][43]. 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3 Tables 1-3 for Σ 1 , Σ 2 , and Σ 3 , respectively, using 10 5 simulations (so are repeatable to within ±0.01) to choose alarm thresholds and to estimate DPs.…”

A New Nuclear Material Safeguards Method Using Fractal Dimension

“…[m 1 k,(m 1 +1)k] x…x[m n k,(m n +1)k] (2) where k N, m 1 , m 2 , …, m n Z. Assume that N k is the number of grids that the curve crosses in the square net.…”

“…Recent reports of diversions from facilities in North Korea and the former Soviet Union highlight the importance of managing and monitoring nuclear inventories in a careful and safe manner. Much work has been done on statistical methods to help identify losses from nuclear material inventories [1][2][3]. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new approach to identifying losses from nuclear material inventories, based on a fractal dimension, and to test this proposal on standard nuclear material loss data sets.…”

The Use of Robust Smoothers in Nuclear Material Safeguards

“…Statistical methods that are in current use today have been roundly criticized by numerous authors. 3,7,8 Material Balance Equation.…”