Stem cells and exosomes: promising candidates for necrotizing enterocolitis therapy

Zeng, Ruijie; Wang, Jinghua; Zhuo, Zewei; Luo, Yujun; Sha, Weihong; Chen, Hao

doi:10.1186/s13287-021-02389-4

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…These therapies still need to be refined in clinical trials before they can be widely used in the clinical setting. The current hot topic is the treatment of NEC with various stem cells (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, amniotic fluid stem cells, and umbilical cord blood stem cells) and their exosomes, in addition to the treatment of NEC using breast milk exosomes mentioned above [ 132 ]. Recent studies have also identified some new therapeutic pathways and targets.…”

Section: Treatment Of Necmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necrotizing enterocolitis: current understanding of the prevention and management

Hu,

Liang,

et al. 2024

Pediatr Surg Int

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the diseases in neonates, with a high morbidity and mortality rate, especially in preterm infants. This review aimed to briefly introduce the latest epidemiology, susceptibility factors, and clinical diagnosis and presentation of NEC. We also organized new prevention strategies by risk factors according to different pathogeneses and then discussed new treatment methods based on Bell's staging and complications, and the classification of mild to high severity based on clinical and imaging manifestations. Such a generalization will help clinicians and researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the disease and to conduct more targeted classification, grading prevention, and exploration. We focused on prevention and treatment of the early and suspected stages of NEC, including the discovery of novel biomarkers and drugs to control disease progression. At the same time, we discussed its clinical application, future development, and shortcomings.

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Section: Treatment Of Necmentioning

confidence: 99%

Necrotizing enterocolitis: current understanding of the prevention and management

Hu,

Liang,

et al. 2024

Pediatr Surg Int

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“…A meta-analysis including nine animal experiments suggested that stem cells and stem cell-derived exosomes decreased the morbidity of NEC, particularly stage 2 NEC by enhancing intestinal motility and reducing intestinal permeability (Villamor-Martinez et al 2020 ; Walsh et al 1988 ) (Table 1 ). Current research indicates that ISCs, MSCs, and NSCs, which are derived from various tissues, are most commonly used for NEC treatment (Li et al 2022 ; Zhou et al 2013 ; Zeng et al 2021 ; Drucker et al 2018a ). In the subsequent sections, we discuss how stem cells treat NEC as well as their advantages and disadvantages in the clinical setting (Table 2 ).…”

Section: Stem Cell Therapy In Necmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stem cell therapy as a promising strategy in necrotizing enterocolitis

Liu

et al. 2022

Mol Med

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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease that affects newborns, particularly preterm infants, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. No effective therapeutic strategies to decrease the incidence and severity of NEC have been developed to date. Stem cell therapy has been explored and even applied in various diseases, including gastrointestinal disorders. Animal studies on stem cell therapy have made great progress, and the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and intestinal barrier enhancing effects of stem cells may be protective against NEC clinically. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic mechanisms through which stem cells may function in the treatment of NEC.

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“…Human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) and breast milk (HBM) are hot topics in NEC treatment, and their effects on NEC have been confirmed [ 3 , 4 ]. Studies have shown that amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells can protect NEC intestines from injury [ 5 ]. Randomized trials demonstrated that breast-feeding reduced the incidence of NEC in preterm infants compared with formula feeding [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison and Investigation of Exosomes from Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells and Human Breast Milk in Alleviating Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Zhang

Liang

et al. 2022

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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In view of the devastating impact of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) on newborns, the research on its intervention is particularly important. Although exosomes from human amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) and human breast milk (HBM) can protect against NEC, their mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we intend to compare the intervention effects of two types of exosomes on NEC mouse model and reveal their respective regulatory mechanisms. In general, both AFSC-derived exosomes (AFSC-exos) and HBM-derived exosomes (HBM- exos) can alleviate NEC- associated intestinal injury, significantly reduce NEC score, and reduce systemic and ileal inflammation and NEC related brain injury during experimental NEC. However, the mode and mechanism of action of the two sources of exosomes were not identical. In vivo, the number of ileal crypts was more significantly restored after HBM-exos intervention than AFSC-exos, and in vitro, HBM-exos preferentially inhibited the inflammatory response of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), whereas AFSC-exos preferentially regulated the migration of IECs. Mechanistically, GO and KEGG analyses revealed the different therapeutic mechanisms of AFSC-exos and HBM-exos in NEC. Taken together, our results illustrate that AFSC-exos and HBM-exos reduce the severity of experimental NEC and intestinal damage through different mechanisms, supporting the potential of cell-free or breast milk free exosome therapy for NEC. Graphical Abstract

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Stem cells and exosomes: promising candidates for necrotizing enterocolitis therapy

Cited by 13 publications

References 67 publications

Necrotizing enterocolitis: current understanding of the prevention and management

Necrotizing enterocolitis: current understanding of the prevention and management

Stem cell therapy as a promising strategy in necrotizing enterocolitis

Comparison and Investigation of Exosomes from Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells and Human Breast Milk in Alleviating Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis

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