Stigmatization of AIDS patients by physicians.

Kelly, Jeffrey A.; Lawrence, Janet S. St.; Smith, Steve; Hood, Harold V.; Cook, Donna

doi:10.2105/ajph.77.7.789

Cited by 279 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This obligation of physicians to treat patients with HIV/AIDS had been asserted in other studies [6,12]. However, other surveys also showed that some doctors discriminate against HIV/ AIDS patients [1,8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Concerns, attitudes, and practices of orthopaedic surgeons towards management of patients with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Obalum

Eyesan²,

Ogo

et al. 2008

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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The increasing number of people living with HIV/AIDS is causing concern among surgeons over risk of occupationally acquired HIV infection. This may influence their attitude to such patients. The purpose of this study was to develop a cross-sectional survey of orthopaedic surgeons to assess their concerns, attitudes, and practices towards management of HIV-positive patients in Nigeria. All respondents were males, 55 (73.3%) of them indicated concern over the risk of occupational acquisition of HIV infection and 37 (49.3%) had examined or operated on at least one HIV/AIDS patient. Sixty (79.9%) were willing to be tested for HIV and 51 (67.9%) were previously tested. Fifty-seven (75.9%) would order preoperative HIV screening of high risk patients, and 67 (89.3%) would operate on HIV-positive patients. Most orthopaedic surgeons in Nigeria would operate on HIV-positive patients.Résumé L'augmentation du nombre de patients vivant avec le virus HIV peut influencer l'attitude des chirurgiens vis à vis de ces patients. L'objectif de cette étude est d'évaluer l'attitude des chirurgiens orthopédistes au contact de patients présentant une séro contamination HIV positive au Nigéria. un questionnaire a été réalisé et distribué aux chirurgiens orthopédistes du Nigéria afin de mettre en évidence leur attitude et leurs pratiques envers ces patients. toutes les réponses ont concerné des hommes: 55 (73,3%) et 37 (67,9%) ont examiné ou opéré un patient porteur du virus du sida. 60 (79,9%) ont voulu ou avaient l'habitude d'être testés et 51 (67,9%) ont été testés de façon préventive. 57 (75,9%) ont demandé à ce que le dépistage du virus HIV soit fait en pré-opératoire chez les patients à haut risque et 67 (89,3%) ont opéré ce type de patients. la plupart des chirurgiens orthopédistes au Nigéria traitent des patients HIV positifs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These precautions are meant to reduce the contact of blood and body fluids of patients with skin and mucous membranes of the surgeon. Despite these measures, many orthopaedic surgeons in this study remain as concerned as physicians in other studies about occupational risks of acquiring HIV infection from patients [8,16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concerns, attitudes, and practices of orthopaedic surgeons towards management of patients with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Obalum

Eyesan²,

Ogo

et al. 2008

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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“…Other studies document life or health insurance refusal or job discrimination due to genetic conditions [Geller et al, 1996;Lapham et al, 1996] while another notes genetic discrimination occurred in contexts beyond insurance or employment [Low et al, 1998]. Surveys also document discrimination based on HIV [Gostin, 1990;Levin et al, 1991;Kass et al, 1992] or associated characteristics [Kelly et al, 1987;Schwartzbaum et al, 1990]. Public opinion polls have examined citizens' views about privacy generally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical privacy and the disclosure of personal medical information: The beliefs and experiences of those with genetic and other clinical conditions

Kass

Hull

Natowicz

et al. 2004

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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There has been heightened legislative attention to medical privacy and to protections from genetic discrimination, without large-scale studies to document privacy concerns or analysis of whether experiences differ by whether the condition is genetic (defined here as a single-gene disorder) or non-genetic. To determine whether experiences regarding privacy, disclosure, and consequences of disclosure differ by whether one's medical condition is genetic, we conducted a descriptive study with one-time, structured quantitative and qualitative interviews. We interviewed approximately 100 adults or parents of children with each of the following medical conditions: sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis, diabetes, and HIV, and 200 adults with or at risk for breast cancer or colon cancer. The percentages of the total 597 respondents experiencing positive or negative consequences of disclosure and the degree to which experiences differed by whether the condition was genetic were the outcomes of interest. Seventy-four percent were glad and 13% regretted others knew about their condition; these findings did not differ significantly by genetic vs. non-genetic condition. Reports of job and health insurance discrimination were not uncommon for the overall study population (19 and 27%, respectively) but were more likely among those with genetic conditions (30 and 37%, respectively). Legislation and other policymaking should target the needs of persons with all conditions and not focus exclusively on genetic discrimination, given that experiences and concerns generally do not differ based on the genetic etiology of the condition.

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“…Esta visão do tratamento é confirmada pela literatura, que relata estigmas arraigados por parte dos especialistas (Gallop, 1991;Gillon, 1987;Hardie, 1992;Kelly, 1987), coincidente com os relatos da produção do conhecimento científico, denotando uma aproximação da forma mergulhada da percepção da comunidade, enquanto usuária do serviço de saúde.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Muitos trabalhos têm relatado dificuldades psicológicas de profissionais de saúde com relação às formas de interação (Calabrese et al, 1991;Gallop, 1991), envolvendo sentimentos como antipatia (Kelly, 1987) desconforto (Gillon, 1987) e perplexidade (Carlisle, 1992) frente às condições físicas e emocionais em que o paciente se encontra. O tratamento do paciente com AIDS deixa seqüelas que podem se tornar irreversíveis na vida do profissional.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Uma análise de conteúdo de crenças relacionadas com a AIDS entre participantes em O.N.G.s.

Figueiredo

Fioroni

1997

Estud. psicol. (Natal)

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Uma amostra de sete sujeitos, pertencentes a Organizações Não Governamentais (ONGs) de Ribeirão Preto, foi entrevistada através de procedimentos semi estruturados para verificação de cognições associadas a quatro categorias de conteúdos relacionados à AIDS: a doença em si, o tratamento, o paciente e prevenção. Uma análise de conteúdo das entrevistas foi processada sobre avaliações feitas por 10 juízes universitários, com base em procedimentos de cálculo das entropias relativas (Hr), tomando-se, como critério, escores iguais ou inferiores ao percentil 33 das distribuições de Hr e verificando-se a fidedignidade dos julgamentos para cada categoria (Zk>3.39; p<.05). Foram identificadas crenças de forte conotação teleológica (Hr<.29) relacionadas com a morte, a vergonha dentro da família e o silêncio das pessoas para a categoria doença. A respeito do paciente, apareceram representações ligadas ao estigma, perda da cidadania e responsabilidade pela própria condição (Hr<.35). Confirmando dados de literatura, a visão do tratamento e da prevenção se respalda em crenças altamente socializadas (Hr<.39) que envolvem a participação da família e a atribuição de fortes estigmas por parte dos especialistas que atendem ao paciente.

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Stigmatization of AIDS patients by physicians.

Cited by 279 publications

References 3 publications

Concerns, attitudes, and practices of orthopaedic surgeons towards management of patients with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Concerns, attitudes, and practices of orthopaedic surgeons towards management of patients with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria

Medical privacy and the disclosure of personal medical information: The beliefs and experiences of those with genetic and other clinical conditions

Uma análise de conteúdo de crenças relacionadas com a AIDS entre participantes em O.N.G.s.

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