Stomatal characteristics and infection biology of Pyrenopeziza betulicola in Betula pendula trees grown under elevated CO2 and O3

Riikonen, Johanna; Syrjälä, Leena; Tulva, Ingmar; Mänd, Pille; Oksanen, Elina; Poteri, Marja; Vapaavuori, Elina

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.01.008

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Although the chamber effects of OTC have often been under concern for its changing microclimate (Manning, 2000(Manning, , 2005, the OTC systems are still widely used to compare plant responses with elevated air constituents (e.g. SO 2 , CO 2 and O 3 ) among different concentrations (Morgan et al, 2007;Rai et al, 2007;Rämö et al, 2007;Riikonen et al, 2008;Gerosa et al, 2008Gerosa et al, , 2009) because the comparison is based on the OTC system in which the changes in microclimate are the same. In addition, low cost and easy operation are also the advantages of OTC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated ozone concentration on methane emission from a rice paddy in Yangtze River Delta, China

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2011

Global Change Biology

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Few investigations have been made on the impact of elevated ozone (O 3 ) concentration on methane (CH 4 ) emission from rice paddies. Using open-top chambers in situ with different O 3 treatments, CH 4 emissions were measured in a rice paddy in Yangtze River Delta, China in 2007 and 2008. There were four treatments applied: charcoal-filtered air (CF), nonfiltered air (NF), and charcoal-filtered air with different O 3 additions (O 3 -1 and O 3 -2). The mean O 3 concentrations during the O 3 fumigation were 19.7, 22.6, 69.6 and 118.6 ppb in 2007 and 7.0, 17.4, 82.2 and 138.3 ppb in 2008 for treatments CF, NF, O 3 -1 and O 3 -2, respectively. The rice yields, as compared with CF, were reduced by 32.8% and 37.1%, 58.3% and 52.1% in treatments O 3 -1 and O 3 -2 in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The diurnal patterns of CH 4 emission varied temporally with treatments and there was inconsistence in diurnal variations in CH 4 emissions from the paddy field. The daily mean CH 4 emissions were significantly lower in treatments O 3 -1 and O 3 -2 than those in treatments CF and NF. Compared with CF treatment, CH 4 emissions from the paddy field were decreased to 46.5% and 38.3%, 50.6% and 46.8% under treatments O 3 -1 and O 3 -2 in the whole growing seasons of 2007 and 2008, respectively. The seasonal mean CH 4 emissions were negatively related with AOT40 (accumulative O 3 concentration above 40 ppb; Po0.01 in both years), but positively related to the relative rice yield (reference to CF; Po0.01 in 2007 and Po0.001 in 2008), aboveground biomass (Po0.01 in both years) and underground biomass (Po0.01 in 2007 and Po0.05 in 2008). The decreased CH 4 emission from the rice paddy due to an increased O 3 exposure might partially mitigate the global warming potential induced by soil carbon loss under elevated O 3 concentrations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated ozone concentration on methane emission from a rice paddy in Yangtze River Delta, China

Zheng

Wang

et al. 2011

Global Change Biology

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“…There are several OTC (Bortier et al. , 2000; Riikonen et al. , 2008) and FACE facilities worldwide, ranging from annual crops to forestry species, and some of these have dealt with plant diseases (Percy et al.…”

Section: Experimental Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases in tropical and plantation crops as affected by climate changes: current knowledge and perspectives

Ghini¹,

2011

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Tropical and plantation crops include important crops for food security and alternative energy resources. Even so, there are few studies on the impact of climate change on diseases of these crops. Findings from previous studies concerning some climate-change effects on diseases of coffee, sugarcane, eucalyptus, cassava, citrus, banana, pineapple, cashew, coconut and papaya have been summarized to provide a context. By reviewing available methods to evaluate the impact of climate change on diseases of tropical and plantation crops, we present trends for some diseases and their management strategies, identify critical gaps in knowledge, and suggest experimental and analytical approaches to advance knowledge. As the projected climate conditions will probably vary greatly in the future from continent to continent and from developed to developing countries, studies must be conducted under tropical regions considering their specific environmental conditions. Multifactor studies under realistic field situations, such as free air CO 2 enrichment with increasing CO 2 and O 3 concentrations incorporating spectral reflectance measures in situ for realistic assessment of plant growth, are a way forward. Effects of a changing climate on chemical and biological controls are discussed in the context of changing global outlook on environmental demands for the future.

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“…They are a common entry point for bacteria into leaves and some plants have developed molecular defence mechanisms such as bacterial‐signal induced stomatal closure (Melotto et al ., 2008). Reduced stomatal size has also been associated with resistance to disease (Riikonen et al ., 2008). We indeed found the stomata of more resistant Wild Rice to be smaller than the ones of Mission Grass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Out of the ground: aerial and exotic habitats of the melioidosis bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei in grasses in Australia

Kaestli

Schmid

Mayo

et al. 2011

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease of humans and animals in the tropics caused by the soil bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Despite high fatality rates, the ecology of B. pseudomallei remains unclear. We used a combination of field and laboratory studies to investigate B. pseudomallei colonization of native and exotic grasses in northern Australia. Multivariable and spatial analyses were performed to determine significant predictors for B. pseudomallei occurrence in plants and soil collected longitudinally from field sites. In plant inoculation experiments, the impact of B. pseudomallei upon these grasses was studied and the bacterial load semi-quantified. Fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization and confocal laser-scanning microscopy were performed to localize the bacteria in plants. B. pseudomallei was found to inhabit not only the rhizosphere and roots but also aerial parts of specific grasses. This raises questions about the potential spread of B. pseudomallei by grazing animals whose droppings were found to be positive for these bacteria. In particular, B. pseudomallei readily colonized exotic grasses introduced to Australia for pasture. The ongoing spread of these introduced grasses creates new habitats suitable for B. pseudomallei survival and may be an important factor in the evolving epidemiology of melioidosis seen both in northern Australia and elsewhere globally.

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Stomatal characteristics and infection biology of Pyrenopeziza betulicola in Betula pendula trees grown under elevated CO2 and O3

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Effects of elevated ozone concentration on methane emission from a rice paddy in Yangtze River Delta, China

Effects of elevated ozone concentration on methane emission from a rice paddy in Yangtze River Delta, China

Diseases in tropical and plantation crops as affected by climate changes: current knowledge and perspectives

Out of the ground: aerial and exotic habitats of the melioidosis bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei in grasses in Australia

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