Strain engineering of graphene nano-resonator

More, Swapnil; Naik, Akshay

doi:10.1088/1361-6439/abe20b

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…171,219,227,228,229,230,231 The amount of splitting (denoted as 2𝑔) increases with Λ , and can be controlled by modulating the strength of the pump signal (Figure 10.4d,e), 227,229,231 tuning the tension using a DC gate bias, 227,231 heating the resonator using a laser beam, 171,228 or even bending the substrate. 245 Transfer of energy between the modes can also occur 241 when ωp = | ω1 -ω2 | / n, for integer values of 𝑛 ≥ 2. 171,227,228,229,230,231 An example of this phenomenon in 2D NEMS resonators is shown in Figure 10.4f.…”

Section: Coupling Through Nonlinearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the rate of transfer of phonons between the modes (∝ Λ) is larger than the rate of decay of phonons in each mode (∝ γ 1 + γ 2 ), the system is said to be in the strong coupling regime, where each of the two resonances splits . Such splitting is observed in many 1D and 2D NEMS resonators (Figure b,c). ,,− The amount of splitting (denoted as 2 g ) increases with Λ and can be controlled by modulating the strength of the pump signal (Figure d,e), ,, tuning the tension using a DC gate bias, , heating the resonator using a laser beam, or even bending the substrate …”

Section: Mechanical Mode Coupling In Low-dimensional Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomechanical Resonators: Toward Atomic Scale

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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The quest for realizing and manipulating ever smaller man-made movable structures and dynamical machines has spurred tremendous endeavors, led to important discoveries, and inspired researchers to venture to new grounds. Scientific feats and technological milestones of miniaturization of mechanical structures have been widely accomplished by advances in machining and sculpturing ever shrinking features out of bulk materials such as silicon. With the flourishing multidisciplinary field of low-dimensional nanomaterials, including onedimensional (1D) nanowires/nanotubes, and two-dimensional (2D) atomic layers such as graphene/phosphorene, growing interests and sustained efforts have been devoted to creating mechanical devices toward the ultimate limit of miniaturization-genuinely down to the molecular or even atomic scale. These ultrasmall movable structures, particularly nanomechanical resonators that exploit the vibratory motion in these 1D and 2D nano-toatomic-scale structures, offer exceptional device-level attributes, such as ultralow mass, ultrawide frequency tuning range, broad dynamic range, and ultralow power consumption, thus holding strong promises for both fundamental studies and engineering applications. In this Review, we offer a comprehensive overview and summary of this vibrant field, present the state-of-the-art devices and evaluate their specifications and performance, outline important achievements, and postulate future directions for studying these miniscule yet intriguing molecular-scale machines.

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Section: Coupling Through Nonlinearitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Mode Coupling In Low-dimensional Resonatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomechanical Resonators: Toward Atomic Scale

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2022

ACS Nano

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“…[ 20 ] Outstanding responsivities have been shown with respect to charges, voltage, [ 11,21 ] temperature, [ 22,23 ] mass, [ 22 ] and strain. [ 24 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[20] Outstanding responsivities have been shown with respect to charges, voltage, [11,21] temperature, [22,23] mass, [22] and strain. [24] Graphene resonators have been suggested for use as accelerometers in purely theoretical works, [25][26][27][28][29] but no resonant graphene accelerometer has been experimentally demonstrated to date. The main reason is the low mass of graphene devices, Measuring vibrations is essential to ensuring building structural safety and machine stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Resonant Graphene NEMS Vibrometer

Garcia

Fan

Smith

et al. 2022

Small

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Measuring vibrations is essential to ensuring building structural safety and machine stability. Predictive maintenance is a central internet of things (IoT) application within the new industrial revolution, where sustainability and performance increase over time are going to be paramount. To reduce the footprint and cost of vibration sensors while improving their performance, new sensor concepts are needed. Here, double‐layer graphene membranes are utilized with a suspended silicon proof demonstrating their operation as resonant vibration sensors that show outstanding performance for a given footprint and proof mass. The unveiled sensing effect is based on resonant transduction and has important implications for experimental studies involving thin nano and micro mechanical resonators that are excited by an external shaker.

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“…Tuning strain in a graphene resonator has been done in previous works. − In most works, the tuning is achieved by changing the electrostatic force imposed vertically to the graphene plane . This method is easy to implement but has limited range of tuning due to the “pull-in” behavior .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dislocation-Induced Energy Dissipation in a Tunable Trilayer Graphene Resonator

Yang

Huang²,

Liu

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Chem. C

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In crystalline materials, the creation and modulation of dislocations are often associated with plastic deformation and energy dissipation. Here, we report a study on the energy dissipation of a trilayer graphene ribbon resonator. The vibration of the ribbon generates cyclic mechanical loading to the graphene ribbon during which mechanical energy is dissipated as heat. Measuring the quality factor of the graphene resonator provides a method to evaluate the energy dissipation. The graphene ribbon is integrated with silicon microactuators, allowing its in-plane tension to be finely tuned. As we gradually increased the tension, we observed, in addition to the well-known resonance frequency increase, a large change in the energy dissipation. We propose that the dominating energy dissipation mechanism shifts over three regions. With small applied tension, the graphene is in the elastic region, and the major energy dissipation is through graphene edge folding; as the tension increases, dislocations start to develop in the sample to gradually dominate the energy dissipation; finally, at large enough tension, graphene layers become decoupled and start to slide and cause friction, which induces more severe energy dissipation. The generation and modulation of dislocations are modeled by the molecular dynamics calculation and a method to count the energy loss is proposed and compared with the experiment.

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Strain engineering of graphene nano-resonator

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Nanomechanical Resonators: Toward Atomic Scale

Nanomechanical Resonators: Toward Atomic Scale

A Resonant Graphene NEMS Vibrometer

Dislocation-Induced Energy Dissipation in a Tunable Trilayer Graphene Resonator

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