Strain partitioning and strain localization in medium manganese steels measured by in situ microscopic digital image correlation

Dutta, Aniruddha; Ponge, Dirk; Sandlöbes, Stefanie; Raabe, Dierk

doi:10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100252

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…In the past, there have been numerous efforts to analyze the impact of annealing parameters during the IA on the initial microstructure and the partitioning of alloying elements on the individual phases [1,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Subsequent studies have dealt with the activation of secondary deformation mechanisms in γ and the strain partitioning in the microstructural constituents of different hardness [23][24][25][26]. However, most of the work on the analysis of mechanical properties has been performed within a small range of strain rates in the quasistatic tensile testing regime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain-Rate-Dependent Deformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of a Multi-Phase Medium-Manganese Steel

Sevsek

Haase

Bleck

2019

Metals

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The strain-rate-dependent deformation behavior of an intercritically annealed X6MnAl12-3 medium-manganese steel was analyzed with respect to the mechanical properties, activation of deformation-induced martensitic phase transformation, and strain localization behavior. Intercritical annealing at 675 °C for 2 h led to an ultrafine-grained multi-phase microstructure with 45% of mostly equiaxed, recrystallized austenite and 55% ferrite or recovered, lamellar martensite. In-situ digital image correlation methods during tensile tests revealed strain localization behavior during the discontinuous elastic-plastic transition, which was due to the localization of strain in the softer austenite in the early stages of plastic deformation. The dependence of the macroscopic mechanical properties on the strain rate is due to the strain-rate sensitivity of the microscopic deformation behavior. On the one hand, the deformation-induced phase transformation of austenite to martensite showed a clear strain-rate dependency and was partially suppressed at very low and very high strain rates. On the other hand, the strain-rate-dependent relative strength of ferrite and martensite compared to austenite influenced the strain partitioning during plastic deformation, and subsequently, the work-hardening rate. As a result, the tested X6MnAl12-3 medium-manganese steel showed a negative strain-rate sensitivity at very low to medium strain rates and a positive strain-rate sensitivity at medium to high strain rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain-Rate-Dependent Deformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of a Multi-Phase Medium-Manganese Steel

Sevsek

Haase

Bleck

2019

Metals

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“…In addition, the volume fraction, morphology, distribution, and orientation relationship between matrix and second phase can affect the strain heterogeneity. Strain heterogeneity usually results in strain partitioning, localization and shear band formation, thus significantly affecting the mechanical and fracture behaviour of dual or multi-phase materials [21][22][23]. Analysis of the strain distribution and partitioning from the grain level down to the sub-micrometer scale can provide valuable insights regarding the mechanical and fracture behaviour of multi-phase Mg-Al-Ca alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A small speckle size or use of nanoparticles such as SiO2 or Al2O3 enables to measure the local strain at a sub-micrometer scale using scanning in (SEM) as demonstrated e.g. by Dutta et al [21] for a medium Mn steel and Zubair et al [16] for Mg-Al-Ca alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain heterogeneity and micro-damage nucleation under tensile stresses in an Mg–5Al–3Ca alloy with an intermetallic skeleton

Zubair

Sandlöbes-Haut

Wollenweber

et al. 2019

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Strain heterogeneity at the microstructural level plays a vital role in the deformation and fracture behaviour of dual or multi-phase materials. In the present work, the strain heterogeneity, localization and partitioning arising at the sub-micron scale during elevated temperature (170 °C) tensile deformation of an Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy was investigated using quasi in-situ μ-DIC experiments. The results reveal that the strain is mainly carried by the α-Mg phase, while the intermetallic Laves phase plays a critical role in that strain concentrations build up at the α-Mg matrix and Laves phase interfaces, hence, reducing the overall deformability of the alloy. In quasi in-situ and bulk material analysis at elevated temperature, cracks were observed to nucleate in the Laves phase, at i) the intersection points of slip lines in the α-Mg matrix with the Laves phase and ii) the twin intersections with α-Mg/Laves phase interfaces and iii) twin transmissions across α-Mg/Laves phase interfaces. Euler number analysis has shown that the (inter-)connectivity of the Laves phase decreases with deformation. Finally, cracks grow preferentially along the Laves phases until the material fractures.

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“…This was attributed to the transformation of γ to ϵ and α ′‐martensite and a lower rate of dynamic recovery in γ . Dutta et al also reported that during uniaxial tension to 0.05 and 0.07 the strains, γ accommodated the majority of the strain. However, after uniaxial tension to strains greater than 0.07, the α ′‐martensite accommodated higher strains compared to γ .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…It follows that in the present steel, the phase transformation of the metastable γ to ϵ and α ′‐martensite phases and the variation in the load partitioning between the three phases coincided with localisations in the axial and shear strain values beyond ≈0.01–0.015 macroscopic true strain (or the beginning of the Regions B 625 and B 700 ). μ‐DIC axial strain mapping showed a higher strain in γ compared to α ′‐martensite indicating strain partitioning in an Fe–12Mn–3Al–0.05C steel upon uniaxial tension . This was attributed to the transformation of γ to ϵ and α ′‐martensite and a lower rate of dynamic recovery in γ .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of Uniaxial Tension on the Microstructure and Texture of High Mn Steel

et al. 2018

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Cold-rolled to 42% thickness reduction and annealed at 500, 625, and 700 C, an Fe-17Mn-3Al-2Si-1Ni-0.06C wt% steel is subjected to uniaxial tension and characterized via digital image correlation and electron back-scattering diffraction. The cold-rolled and 500 C samples return similar microstructures comprising predominantly α 0 -martensite and remnant e-martensite fractions and a trace fraction of untransformed austenite (γ) before and after uniaxial tension. For the 625 and 700 C samples, uniaxial tension results in the transformation of the initially reverted and recrystallized γ into e and α 0martensite via strain localization. The γ shows the formation of h111i γ , h100i γ double-fiber texture, whereas the e and α 0 -martensite show the development of the {hkil} e and h110i α 0 || ND fibers, respectively. 10 12gh 1011i e È extension twinning is also observed in e-martensite upon uniaxial tension. The cold-rolled sample exhibits a mixed brittle and ductile fracture mode. The fracture of the 500 C sample is similar to that of the cold-rolled sample, whereas the 625 and 700 C samples display a ductile fracture mode.

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Strain partitioning and strain localization in medium manganese steels measured by in situ microscopic digital image correlation

Cited by 56 publications

References 73 publications

Strain-Rate-Dependent Deformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of a Multi-Phase Medium-Manganese Steel

Strain-Rate-Dependent Deformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of a Multi-Phase Medium-Manganese Steel

Strain heterogeneity and micro-damage nucleation under tensile stresses in an Mg–5Al–3Ca alloy with an intermetallic skeleton

Effect of Uniaxial Tension on the Microstructure and Texture of High Mn Steel

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