Strain selection and physiology in the development of Gracilaria mariculture

Hansen, Judith E.

doi:10.1007/bf00027644

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Many authors have reported that epiphytism in Gracilaria cultivation is encouraged by high irradiance levels. Artificially reducing the irradiance in tanks with netting (Guiry & Ottway, 1981;Hansen, 1984;Rueness & Frederiksen, 1989), the use of fixed raft techniques (Ren etaL, 1984;Lipkin, 1985), and varying the height of the substrata (Wheeler et al, 1981), have all been found useful. Ugarte & Santelices (1992) reported that covering the tanks with black plastic for 48 h eliminated Ectocarpus and reduced Enteromorpha contamination by 80%.…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Short-term emergence (or dry periods in spray culture systems) of the host plants, and drying of culture tanks, ponds or equipment in severe cases of fouling, have also been shown to reduce epiphytism and contamination in Gracilaria cultivation (Haglund & Pederstn, 1988;Hansen 1984). In Taiwan Gracilaria ponds are dried in winter to kill spores and propagules of epiphytes (Santelices & Doty, 1989).…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Epiphytism and fouling in Gracilaria cultivation: an overview

Fletcher

1995

J Appl Phycol

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Epiphytism is a major, world-wide problem in Gracilaria cultivation, severely reducing the productivity and cost efficiency of a diverse range of open-water and on-shore farms; the problem is especially acute in tank cultivation systems. The present paper provides an overview of the literature on epiphytism and fouling in the Gracilaria mariculture industry. Topics considered include the identity of the main epiphytes and fouling organisms, aspects of their ecology and biology which contribute towards their success as contaminants, the detrimental effects which epiphytes exert on the host plants, and the range of physical, chemical and biological control methods currently available. Recent changes in approach, with less descriptive information and more emphasis on experimental studies of Gracilaria-epiphyte interactions, are welcomed, as these offer hope for the development of improved control measures.

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Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epiphytism and fouling in Gracilaria cultivation: an overview

Fletcher

1995

J Appl Phycol

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“…An alternative method for moving seaweeds in the pond is by paddle wheels in a raceway structure (Neish et al, 1977;Hansen, 1984). It has been initially tested by us with G. conferta and seems to be equal in seaweed yield; however, its cost has not been evaluated.…”

Section: Seawatermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is hypothesized that epiphytes compete with Gracilaria, being involved in light decrease, nutrient and inorganic carbon consumption, and tissue damage of their host (Friedlander, 1992). Thalli of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (as Gracilaria sjoestedtii) cultivated under conditions of periodic emergence had greater biomass and considerably fewer epiphytes than did continuously submerged thalli (Hansen, 1984).…”

Section: Epiphyte Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation of Gracilaria in outdoor tanks and ponds

1995

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This review deals with the major problems of unattached Gracilaria intensive cultivation in outdoor tanks and ponds. These problems are presented through the main variables affecting the Gracilaria annual yield and the updated solutions evolved. The physical variables include tank and pond structure, seawater characteristics such as velocity, agitation practice, exchange rate, and salinity, light characteristics such as quantity and quality, and temperature modelling. The chemical variables include nutrient composition and regime of application, and inorganic carbon supply with the pH changes involved. The biological variables include seaweed density, epiphyte competition, grazer damage, bacterial disintegration, integrated mariculture and strain selection. The experience gained in the Israeli research on Gracilaria cultivation is discussed in view of other Gracilaria and seaweed intensive cultivation research.

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“…In spite of its economical importance, almost no breeding and strain selection efforts have been reported in cultivation and farming projects (Santelices & Doty, 1989), although their importance for successful Gracilaria mariculture has been stressed (Hansen 1983(Hansen , 1984.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain selection in Gracilaria spp. 2. Selection for high and low temperature resistance in G. verrucosa sporelings

1990

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A strain selection procedure using Gracilaria verrucosa gametophytic sporelings was found to be an efficient tool for the improvement of Gracilaria strains. Two strains, C-2 and A-18, which were isolated and grown clonally, showed higher growth rates under high and low temperature conditions, respectively, than the local Gracilaria conferta. Growth rate, photosynthesis and chlorophyll, which were measured under different temperature and photon flux densities, demonstrated an overall advantage of the selected strains over the wild type strains of both G. verrucosa and G. conferta. Growth rates were also generally in positive correlation with the carboxylase activity of Rubisco. The G. verrucosa wild type also had a 40% higher agar content than G. conferta. The selected strains thus showed higher potential for outdoor cultivation than local wild type populations.

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Strain selection and physiology in the development of Gracilaria mariculture

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Epiphytism and fouling in Gracilaria cultivation: an overview

Epiphytism and fouling in Gracilaria cultivation: an overview

Cultivation of Gracilaria in outdoor tanks and ponds

Strain selection in Gracilaria spp. 2. Selection for high and low temperature resistance in G. verrucosa sporelings

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