Strategies for Overcoming Defects of HKUST‐1 and Its Relevant Applications

Abstract

As a class of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) formed by association of metal cations Cu 2+ with organic ligands benzene tricarboxylic acid, HKUST-1 [1] and its derivatives have attracted much concern as they possess highly porosity, ultrahigh surface area, and the tunable structure which show its potential in various applications. Unlike other porous materials like graphene (GN), [2] multiple layers of carbon nanotube (MCNT), [3] In recent decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have achieved rapid development owing to the considerable concern from researchers. As one of the most intensely studied MOFs, HKUST-1 has shown remarkable performance which is considered feasible to apply in actual applications. However, the weak mechanical properties and water instability hinder its development which are mainly ascribed to lattice defects and surface barriers that impede mass transfer and molecular diffusion as well as electronic transmission. This review summarizes the recent literatures on the strategies of enhancing the above defects of virgin HKUST-1 and its various applications, mainly adsorption and separation, catalyst, sensor as well as optical and electronic applications. These improving strategies improve specific properties of HKUST-1 by decreasing the defects density, which will make this material more applicable for potential fields. Main strategies include the following: (1) modifying HKUST-1 with an "armor," (2) getting durable MOFs by direct synthesis or surface hydrophobization, (3) reconstructing the moisture-degraded HKUST-1, and (4) making use of the buffer action of sacrificial bonds. . His current research focuses on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous coordination polymers (PCPs), morph-genetic MOFs, biomimetic functional composite, nanomaterials, materials for energy and environment, photoelectric functional materials, and so on.

Synthesis, characterization and application of defective metal–organic frameworks: current status and perspectives

“…[41][42][43][44] However, it is also noted that defects sometimes result in negative effects on some MOF properties such as gas adsorption and diffusion as well as optical properties. 45 In addition, structural defects are oen associated with a decreased chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability of framework structures. Therefore, the framework must take into account its stability and provide tolerance to such defects.…”

“…Therefore, the framework must take into account its stability and provide tolerance to such defects. Wang et al 45 summarized several efficient strategies for overcoming defects of HKUST-1. How to fully use the specic properties of MOF materials endowed by structural defects is critical for practical applications.…”

Statistically Optimum HKUST-1 Synthesized by Room Temperature Coordination Modulation Method for the Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye

“…Indeed, the concentration of acetic acid here greatly affects the morphological uniformity, but this still proves that the modulator can help to maintain the octahedron morphology. Here, the presence of modulators, such as carboxylic acids, carboxylate salts, other acids, and bases, controls the coordination equilibrium during the crystal formation of HKUST-1 [56]. Moreover, it can also control the crystal size of HKUST-1, where the nucleation rate is very sensitive to pH conditions which can be regulated through the addition of a modulator [49].…”

Alteration of the morphology of polyvinylidene fluoride membrane by incorporatingMOF‐199 nanomaterials for improving water permeation with antifouling and antibacterial property

“…[ 26 ] It has also been proved that it is water unstable, and it is easy to degrade in humid environment. [ 27,28 ]…”

“…[26] It has also been proved that it is water unstable, and it is easy to degrade in humid environment. [27,28] In this work, MOF-199@PVDF composite membranes are prepared by blending with different amounts of ultrasonic synthesized MOF-199 nanomaterials for improving the pure water flux (PWF) and the antifouling and antibacterial performance. The membrane morphology, elemental composition, and surface properties were analyzed by various means of characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and water contact angle (WCA) measurements.…”