Strength training accelerates gastrointestinal transit in middle-aged and older men

Koffler, K H; Menkes, Alex; Redmond, R. A.; Whitehead, William E.; Pratley, Richard E.; Hurley, Ben F.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199204000-00004

Cited by 104 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…Previously hypothesized mechanisms for colon cancer include gastrointestinal transit time, immune function, prostaglandin levels, insulin-related pathways, gastrointestinal-pancreatic hormones, serum cholesterol, and bile acids (76,77), only some of which may differ between the left or right colon. Physical activity, for example, accelerates movement of stool through the colon (78,79), possibly providing less time for fecal carcinogens to contact colonic mucosa (80). Only the right colon is innervated by the vagus nerve, which induces peristalsis in response to physical activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Friedenreich

Norat

Steindorf

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

197

148

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We investigated several aspects of the role of physical activity in colon and rectal cancer etiology that remain unclear in the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer. This cohort of 413,044 men and women had 1,094 cases of colon and 599 cases of rectal cancer diagnosed during an average of 6.4 years of follow-up. We analyzed baseline data on occupational, household, and recreational activity to examine associations by type of activity, tumor subsite, body mass index (BMI), and energy intake. The multivariate hazard ratio for colon cancer was 0.78 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.59-1.03] among the most active participants when compared with the inactive, with evidence of a dose-response effect (P trend = 0.04). For right-sided colon tumors, the risk was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.43-1.00) in the highest quartile of activity with evidence of a linear trend (P trend = 0.004). Active participants with a BMI under 25 had a risk of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.39-1.01) for colon cancer compared with the inactive. Finally, an interaction between BMI and activity (P interaction = 0.03) was observed for right-sided colon cancers; among moderately active and active participants with a BMI under 25, a risk of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.21-0.68) was found as compared with inactive participants with BMI >30. No comparable decreased risks were observed for rectal cancer for any type of physical activity for any subgroup analyses or interactions considered. We found that physical activity reduced colon cancer risk, specifically for right-sided tumors and for lean participants, but not rectal cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(12):2398 -407)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Friedenreich

Norat

Steindorf

et al. 2006

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

197

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Physical activity appears to accelerate colonic transit time (5)(6)(7), suggesting that exercise may reduce exposure to fecal carcinogens in the colon. Also, effects of exercise related to insulin levels (8,9), insulin-like growth factors, bile acids, and prostaglandins have been proposed (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational Physical Activity and Cancer Risk in Subsites of the Colon (the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study)

Nilsen¹,

Romundstad

Petersen

et al. 2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Physical activity may reduce colon cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Relating physical activity to cancer risk in anatomic segments of the colon may advance our understanding of possible mechanisms. We conducted a prospective study of 59,369 Norwegian men and women who were followed up for cancer incidence and mortality. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariably adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). All statistical tests were two sided. During 17 years of follow-up, 736 colon cancers and 294 rectal cancers were diagnosed. Overall, we found an inverse association between recreational physical activity and colon cancer risk, but subsite analyses showed that the association was confined to cancer in the transverse and sigmoid colon. The adjusted HR, comparing people who reported high versus no physical activity, was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.25-0.78) for cancer in the transverse colon and 0.48 (95% CI, 0.31-0.75) for cancer in the sigmoid colon. The corresponding HR for cancer mortality was 0.33 (95% CI, 0.14-0.76) for the transverse colon and 0.29 (95% CI, 0.15-0.56) for the sigmoid colon. For rectal cancer, there was no association with physical activity in these data. In conclusion, the inverse association of recreational physical activity with cancer risk and mortality in the transverse and sigmoid segments of the colon may point at increased colon motility and reduced fecal transit time as possible underlying mechanisms. (Cancer Epidemiol

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“…The scientific evidence has been well-established, demonstrating the benefits of the regular practice of resistance exercises in the apparently healthy population 5,6 and even in those individuals with non-transmissible chronic 7 orinfecto-contagious diseases 8,9 . The classical studies point benefits such as decrease of body adiposity 10 , increase of muscle strength 11 , increase of the individual myocyte size 12 , decrease of the number of falls 13 , increase of bone mineral density 14 , shorter time of gastrointestinal transit 15 , improvement of the glycolized hemoglobin response 16 , besides increase of functional capacity 17 . Even though, the aerobic exercises still have been more frequently recommended.…”

Section: Aerobic or Resistance Exercise Improves Performance In Activmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercício aeróbico ou com pesos melhora o desempenho nas atividades da vida diária de mulheres idosas

Raso

Greve

2012

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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The purpose of this randomized non-controlled study was to determine the effect of an aerobic or resistance exercise protocol on performance of activities of daily living in elderly women. The sample was constituted of 41 apparently healthy elderly women aged 60 to 85 years (x: 65.1 ± 7.9 years) randomly assigned in resistance exercise (n: 22) or aerobic groups (n: 19). The resistance exercise protocol consisted of three sets of eight to 12 repetitions at 60% of one repetition maximum test for the leg press 45º. The aerobic exercise protocol consisted in cycling in a cycle ergometer during 40 minutes at 60% of reserve heart rate. Both protocols were performed three times per week during five weeks. Activities of daily living were estimated by velocity to stand from sitting to standing position (VSitting), velocity to move from supine to standing position (VSupine), velocity to climb stairs (VCS) and velocity to wear sneakers (VWS). Volunteers of aerobic exercise protocol improved significantly the time to perform VWS (19.1%), while the volunteers of resistance exercise protocol improved the capacity to perform VCS (4.3%) and VSupine (8.9%). These results let us conclude that aerobic as well as resistance exercise protocols induced positive effect on activities of daily living, suggesting that both protocols must be associated for an adequate exercise program to improve the functional capacity of elderly people.

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Strength training accelerates gastrointestinal transit in middle-aged and older men

Cited by 104 publications

References 0 publications

Physical Activity and Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Physical Activity and Risk of Colon and Rectal Cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Recreational Physical Activity and Cancer Risk in Subsites of the Colon (the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study)

Exercício aeróbico ou com pesos melhora o desempenho nas atividades da vida diária de mulheres idosas

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