Streptomycin–Origin, Nature, and Properties*††Journal Series Paper of the Department of Microbiology of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University.

The International Natural Product Sciences Taskforce (INPST) and the power of Twitter networking exemplified through #INPST hashtag analysis

“…Not only do the traditional medicinal systems rely on natural products, but the modern medicinal systems also heavily rely on using multiple natural product scaffolds for drug development, in an unmodified state or for-property optimization achieved by modifying the starting natural product scaffold (Atanasov et al, 2015;Chaturvedi et al, 2020;Ravula et al, 2021;Tewari et al, 2021). For clinical purpose, there are already a lot of highly successful natural product-based medicines, including but not limited to antibacterials such as streptomycin (Waksman and Schatz, 1945), antifungals such as amphotericin B (Cavassin et al, 2021), antimalarials such as artemisinin (Wang et al, 2019b), anticancer agents such as vinca alkaloids (Ehrhardt et al, 2011), camptothecin , and paclitaxel (Rowinsky et al, 1995), or antidiabetic agents such as acarbose (Kumar Singla et al, 2016;Tupas et al, 2020). Chemical modification of natural product molecules has also yielded multiple clinically relevant drugs such as caspofungin (Walsh et al, 2004), artemether (Hien et al, 1996), or etoposide (Cragg and Pezzuto, 2016;O'Dwyer et al, 1985).…”

Surveillance and prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria from public settings within urban built environments: Challenges and opportunities for hygiene and infection control

“…The primary source of AMR bacteria is the environment. Most of the genes responsible for AMR did not evolve in clinical or in agriculture settings, but rather long before this, in the natural environment due to the presence of naturally occurring antibiotics (including penicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol) derived from soil-dwelling bacteria and fungus as a means to compete with other bacteria for limited resources ( Gaynes, 2017 , Nelson and Levy, 2011 , Waksman and Schatz, 1945 ). However, as these antibiotic-producing bacteria are physiologically similar to the bacteria they compete with, there is potential for them to be susceptible to others’ toxic metabolic compounds and therefore they had to develop defence mechanisms to protect themselves.…”

Antibacterial activity of phytopathogenic Streptomyces strains against bacteria associated to clinical diseases

“…These microorganisms are known for the high ability to produce and excrete a variety of bioactive compounds which have a wide spectrum of activity, such as: antibacterial substances with antagonist potential (KANNAN et al, 2014), antifungal, antitumoral, antiparasitic, herbicide and antibiotic (MIYADOH, 1993;PADILHA, 1998;SALOMONI, 2009). Among these, it's possible to name: streptomycin (SELMAN;SCHATZ, 1994), cephalosporin (WILLIAMS, 1987), terramycin (FINLAY et al, 1950), and vancomycin (HIGGINS et al, 1958).…”