Stromuling when stressed!

Krenz, Björn; Guo, Tai Wei; Kleinow, Tatjana

doi:10.5586/asbp.2014.050

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Plastids are able to form protrusions of around 1 μm of diameter called stromules. Stromules are highly dynamic structures that are regulated during plant development or in response to different biotic or abiotic stresses (Kohler and Hanson, 2000; Hanson and Sattarzadeh, 2011; Krenz et al, 2014). They are able to interact with other cell compartments, including the ER (Schattat et al, 2011).…”

Section: Lipid Trafficking During Plant Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Trafficking at Membrane Contact Sites During Plant Development and Stress Response

Michaud

Jouhet

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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The biogenesis of cellular membranes involves an important traffic of lipids from their site of synthesis to their final destination. Lipid transfer can be mediated by vesicular or non-vesicular pathways. The non-vesicular pathway requires the close apposition of two membranes to form a functional platform, called membrane contact sites (MCSs), where lipids are exchanged. These last decades, MCSs have been observed between virtually all organelles and a role in lipid transfer has been demonstrated for some of them. In plants, the lipid composition of membranes is highly dynamic and can be drastically modified in response to environmental changes. This highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms involved in the regulation of membrane lipid homeostasis in plants. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the non-vesicular transport of lipids at MCSs in plants and its regulation during stress.

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Section: Lipid Trafficking During Plant Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Trafficking at Membrane Contact Sites During Plant Development and Stress Response

Michaud

Jouhet

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…This living crystal grows because new units are constantly being added to its upper end. A similar structure, but on hierarchically different levels of matter organization, have: cylindrical molecules -inorganic and organic, often chiral nanotubes [1][2][3][4][5], microtubules that are sometimes not only chiral but have changeable number of protofilaments [6], membrane nanotubes in cell-to-cell connections [7], stromules interconnecting plastids and other organelle extensions [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The significance of γ-and λ-dislocations in transient states of phyllotaxis: how to get more from less – sometimes!

Zagórska‐Marek

Szpak

2016

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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In some plants, developmental changes of phyllotaxis are so frequent that the whole spectrum of phyllotactic patterns becomes available for investigation and thus many unknown subtleties of phyllotaxis come to light. Among these, Magnolia acuminata is the most prominent. In a series of experiments performed in silico with application of a simple geometric model of phyllotaxis, we were able to confront the empirical data on phyllotactic transitions occurring in magnolia flowers with the results of computer simulations. They revealed that in addition to the ratio between the sizes of plant organs, the history of developing pattern was also important, especially for the direction of ontogenetic changes. The parameters of size tolerance and vertical tolerance in positioning a new element in the first available space, brought the effects of simulations closer to the real patterns. They helped especially to resolve the enigma of multiplication of parastichies (γ-dislocations) observed sometimes during determined growth of magnolia floral axes. We conclude that ontogenetic changes in phyllotaxis result mainly from changing sizes of organs in the course of development and that the changes do not always occur with mathematical accuracy.

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“…Meanwhile, it is possible that the breakdown of thylakoids (Figure 10e,h, and i) could occur inside the chloroplast independently of autophagy (Evans et al ., 2010; van Doorn and Papini, 2013). Because stromule formation and autophagy are commonly triggered by various types of stress (Krenz et al ., 2014; Su et al ., 2020), and earlier evidence suggests a causal relationship between stromule and RCB formation (Ishida et al ., 2008; Spitzer et al ., 2015), it is tempting to speculate that the increased stromule formation in leaf pavement cells and other non‐mesophyll cells of tgd5 / suba1 (Figures 1, 6, and 8) is associated with autophagy (particularly the RCB pathway). Nevertheless, there is currently no evidence linking increased stromule formation to autophagy in these non‐mesophyll cells of the tgd5 / suba1 mutants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TGD5 is required for normal morphogenesis of non‐mesophyll plastids, but not mesophyll chloroplasts, in Arabidopsis

et al. 2021

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Stromules are dynamic membrane-bound tubular structures that emanate from plastids. Stromule formation is triggered in response to various stresses and during plant development, suggesting that stromules may have physiological and developmental roles in these processes. Despite the possible biological importance of stromules and their prevalence in green plants, their exact roles and formation mechanisms remain unclear. To explore these issues, we obtained Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with excess stromule formation in the leaf epidermis by microscopy-based screening. Here, we characterized one of these mutants, stromule biogenesis altered 1 (suba1). suba1 forms plastids with severely altered morphology in a variety of nonmesophyll tissues, such as leaf epidermis, hypocotyl epidermis, floral tissues, and pollen grains, but apparently normal leaf mesophyll chloroplasts. The suba1 mutation causes impaired chloroplast pigmentation and altered chloroplast ultrastructure in stomatal guard cells, as well as the aberrant accumulation of lipid droplets and their autophagic engulfment by the vacuole. The causal defective gene in suba1 is TRIGALAC-TOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL5 (TGD5), which encodes a protein putatively involved in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-plastid lipid trafficking required for the ER pathway of thylakoid lipid assembly. These findings suggest that a non-mesophyll-specific mechanism maintains plastid morphology. The distinct mechanisms maintaining plastid morphology in mesophyll versus non-mesophyll plastids might be attributable, at least in part, to the differential contributions of the plastidial and ER pathways of lipid metabolism between mesophyll and non-mesophyll plastids.

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Stromuling when stressed!

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Lipid Trafficking at Membrane Contact Sites During Plant Development and Stress Response

Lipid Trafficking at Membrane Contact Sites During Plant Development and Stress Response

The significance of γ-and λ-dislocations in transient states of phyllotaxis: how to get more from less – sometimes!

TGD5 is required for normal morphogenesis of non‐mesophyll plastids, but not mesophyll chloroplasts, in Arabidopsis

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