Strong reduction of propagation losses in LiNbO3 ridge waveguides

Gerthoffer, Arnaud; Guyot, Clément; Qiu, Wentao; Ndao, Abdoulaye; Bernal, Maria–Pilar; Courjal, Nadège

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2014.09.027

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…If the machining parameters-such as translation and rotation speeds and nature and size of the blade-are properly chosen, the ridge patterns are diced and polished at the same time, which yield roughness lower than 20 nm and propagation losses lower than 0.1 dB/cm [37]. The resulting depths can be higher than 500 (see Figure 3(a)), but the preferred depth is between 10 and 50 μm [38] to obtain robust reproducible guided mode cross-sections that are independent on the ridge depth.…”

Section: High-aspect Ratio Ridge Waveguides Made By Optical Grade Dicingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguides and Microwaveguides

Courjal¹,

Bernal²,

Caspar³

et al. 2018

Emerging Waveguide Technology

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Lithium niobate has attracted much attention since the 1970s due to its capacity to modify the light by means of an electric control. In this chapter, we review the evolution of electrooptical (EO) lithium niobate waveguides throughout the years, from Ti-indiffused waveguides to photonic crystals. The race toward ever smaller EO components with ever-lower optical losses and power consumption has stimulated numerous studies, the challenge consisting of strongly confining the light while preserving low losses. We show how waveguides have evolved toward ridges or thin film-based microguides to increase the EO efficiency and reduce the driving voltage. In particular, a focus is made on an easy-toimplement technique using a circular precision saw to produce thin ridge waveguides or suspended membranes with low losses.

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Section: High-aspect Ratio Ridge Waveguides Made By Optical Grade Dicingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguides and Microwaveguides

Courjal¹,

Bernal²,

Caspar³

et al. 2018

Emerging Waveguide Technology

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“…A further improvement could be obtained by reducing the propagation losses inside the PPLN/RW and by employing detectors with a higher η d at ∼1550 nm. The fabrication of low loss ridge waveguides is at the center of intense investigations with encouraging results leading to propagation losses lower than 0.2 dB/cm [32]. In parallel, detection efficiencies as high as 0.99 at 1550 nm have already been demonstrated on custom detectors [14].…”

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confidence: 99%

A fully guided-wave squeezing experiment for fiber quantum networks

Kaiser¹,

Fedrici²,

Zavatta³

et al. 2016

Optica

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We demonstrate, for the first time, the realization of an entirely guided-wave squeezing experiment at a telecom wavelength. The state generation relies on waveguide non-linear optics technology while squeezing collection and transmission are implemented by using only telecom fibre components. We observe up to −1.83 ± 0.05 dB of squeezing emitted at 1542 nm in CW pumping regime. The compactness and stability of the experiment, compared to free-space configurations, represent a significant step towards achieving out-of-the-lab CV quantum communication, fully compatible with existing telecom fibre networks. We believe that this work stands as a promising approach for real applications as well as for "do-it-yourself" experiments. PACS numbers:Generation and manipulation of continuous variable (CV) non-classical states of light are the object of intense research due to their importance in both fundamental and applied physics [1,2]. Among others, a valuable feature of CV quantum resources is that they can be generated in a deterministic way at the output of non-linear optical media [3]. Moreover, CV entanglement is affected but never vanishes completely for any level of external loss [4]. On these bases, CV quantum optics has experienced an increasing interest for its application to quantum key distribution (QKD) [5], with many proposals based on both single-mode [6-8] and two-mode squeezed light [9,10]. Entanglement distillation and entanglement swapping schemes for long distance quantum communication have been demonstrated [5,11] and systematic studies have been performed on the robustness of non-classicality against the communication channel losses [12,13]. A further step towards real-world applications of CV quantum communication has been done by generating squeezed light in the telecom C-band of wavelengths, where low-loss optical fibres and high performance standard components are available [14][15][16]. In the perspective of implementing quantum networks that exploit optical fibres to connect distant atomic quantum memories, a quantum interface has recently been developed, converting squeezed light from telecom to visible wavelengths compatible with suitable atomic transitions [17]. In the same spirit, a light-matter interface, coupling light guided in a tapered nanofibre to cold atoms, has been demonstrated [18].In this framework, and in order to comply with further out-of-the-lab realizations of CV quantum optics, we demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of a full guided-wave approach for both the generation and measurement of squeezed light at a telecom wavelength. In our scheme, single-mode squeezing at 1542 nm is generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) in a periodically poled lithium niobate ridge-waveguide (PPLN/RW). At the output of the PPLN/RW, the non-classical beam is measured with a fibre homodyne detector. This configuration allows implementing an extremely easy setup, entirely based on commercially available components, and fully compatible with existing fibre network...

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“…For the z-cut surface shown in (d) and (e), the Sa is reduced from 11 to 7 nm. Annealing for 30 h at 1130 • C results in a smooth surface with Sa = 2 nm for both (c) x-and (f) z-cut surfaces, indicating that the Yb ion source at the surface is completely exhausted, and the Yb profile can be described by the thin-film diffusion regime of Equation (5).…”

Section: Diffusion Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ferroelectric crystal lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) is a well-known material for various optical applications due to its favorable electro-optical, acousto-optical, piezoelectric, and nonlinear properties. Furthermore, low-loss waveguides can be implemented in rare-earth-doped LiNbO 3 via several fabrication techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6], leading to the development of waveguide amplifiers as well as waveguide lasers. In the past, a variety of efficient erbium-(Er) and neodymium (Nd)-doped LiNbO 3 waveguide lasers have been realized [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Ytterbium Incorporation in Lithium Niobate for Active Waveguide Devices

et al. 2020

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In this work, we report on an investigation of the ytterbium diffusion characteristics in lithium niobate. Ytterbium-doped substrates were prepared by in-diffusion of thin metallic layers coated onto x- and z-cut congruent substrates at different temperatures. The ytterbium profiles were investigated in detail by means of secondary neutral mass spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and optical spectroscopy. Diffusion from an infinite source was used to determine the solubility limit of ytterbium in lithium niobate as a function of temperature. The derived diffusion parameters are of importance for the development of active waveguide devices in ytterbium-doped lithium niobate.

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Strong reduction of propagation losses in LiNbO3 ridge waveguides

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguides and Microwaveguides

Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguides and Microwaveguides

A fully guided-wave squeezing experiment for fiber quantum networks

Investigation of Ytterbium Incorporation in Lithium Niobate for Active Waveguide Devices

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