Based on the various problems in the process of coal robot applications, from three-dimensional analysis of the key technology, market demand, and policy regulations and standardization, the paper reviews the use of carbon fiber material, elastic material of traditional surface spraying and integral casting technology to realize lightweight robot, by using the dual redundant design to improve the reliability of the rescue robot CPU, through the functions of voice recognition obstacle sensor, gas sensor acquisition components, and distribution information to realize the underground rescue mission. In addition, virtual test technology, hardware in the loop simulation technology, and shrinkage model technology are proposed to solve the difficulties of hard field testing of rescue robots. These suggest that concrete measures have been pointed out to break the problem of the development of the coal mine relief robot.