Structural and functional equivalence of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire within and between countries

Hemert, D.A. van; Vijver, Fons J. R. van de; Poortinga, Ype H.; Georgas, James

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00007-7

Cited by 144 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ; Eysenck & Eysenck, 1975) as reported by Lynn and Martin (1995) and van Hemert, van de Vijver, Poortinga, and Georgas (2002); and the Locus of Control scale (Rotter, 1966;Smith, Trompenaars, & Dugan, 1995). In previous research (McCrae, 2001(McCrae, , 2002) EPQ data from India were omitted as outliers; in the present study we substituted Indian data from Lodhi, Deo, and Belhekar (2002) in the EPQ analyses.…”

Section: Culture-level Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality profiles of cultures: Aggregate personality traits.

McCrae¹,

Terracciano²

2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

724

595

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and Human Services 79 Members of the Personality Profiles of Cultures Project Personality profiles of cultures can be operationalized as the mean trait levels of culture members. College students from 51 cultures rated an individual from their country whom they knew well (N ϭ 12,156). Aggregate scores on Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) scales generalized across age and sex groups, approximated the individual-level 5-factor model, and correlated with aggregate self-report personality scores and other culture-level variables. Results were not attributable to national differences in economic development or to acquiescence. Geographical differences in scale variances and mean levels were replicated, with Europeans and Americans generally scoring higher in Extraversion than Asians and Africans. Findings support the rough scalar equivalence of NEO-PI-R factors and facets across cultures and suggest that aggregate personality profiles provide insight into cultural differences.

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Section: Culture-level Correlatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality profiles of cultures: Aggregate personality traits.

McCrae¹,

Terracciano²

2005

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

724

595

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“…In cross-national surveys, mean national scores of social desirability were found to be negatively correlated to wealth and positively to family collectivism (van Hemert, van de Vijver, Poortinga, & Georgas, 2002). This leads to the interpretation that SDB may express a true adaptation to social norms of less powerful or affluent groups depending on the approval of other people (e.g.…”

Section: Impact Variables and Interpretation Of Sdbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Desirability, Environmental Attitudes, and General Ecological Behaviour in Children

Oerke

Bogner

2013

International Journal of Science Education

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Socially desirable responses have been widely discussed as potentially biasing self-reported measures of environmental attitude and behaviour assessment. The direct and moderating effect of social desirability on children has not been analysed before. By applying a Lie scale together with a two-factor environmental attitude set measure and a scale of self-reported General Ecological Behaviour (GEB) to 198 pupils, we found a moderate impact of Lie scores on only one of both attitude measures and a small impact on GEB. In a multiple regression analysis general behaviour was predicted by attitude, social desirability, and the interaction of both. Social desirability had no moderating effect on the relationship between environmental attitudes and behaviour. Implications of these outcomes for research on environmental issues with children are discussed. This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden.The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. Socially desirable responses have been widely discussed as potentially biasing self-reported measures of environmental attitude and behaviour assessment. The direct and moderating effect of social desirability on children has not been analysed before. By applying a Lie scale together with a two-factor environmental attitude set measure and a scale of self-reported General Ecological Behaviour (GEB) to 198 pupils, we found a moderate impact of Lie scores on only one of both attitude measures and a small impact on GEB. In a multiple regression analysis general behaviour was predicted by attitude, social desirability, and the interaction of both. Social desirability had no moderating effect on the relationship between environmental attitudes and behaviour. Implications of these outcomes for research on environmental issues with children are discussed.

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“…Method bias occurs when validity is reduced by instrument administration related factors, for instance, acquiescence or social desirability. From literature, we know that the tendency to respond in a socially desirable way is higher in collectivistic cultures (Bond & Smith 1996;Van Hemert et al 2002;Bernardi 2006). We found a much higher percentage of respondents agreeing with more than three items of the Infrequency scale than other studies (Hojat et al 2005(Hojat et al , 2013Rossier et al 2008), which may be attributable to the collectivistic culture in Saudi Arabia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 42%

“…Rammstedt et al 2010;Rammstedt & Kemper 2011). However, considering the fact that social desirability is characteristic for collectivistic cultures (Bond & Smith 1996;Van Hemert et al 2002;Bernardi 2006), it can be argued that social desirability should not be considered as a methodological artefact, but rather as having substantial cultural meaning (see Smith 2004). Future research might focus on ways to overcome social desirability in collectivistic cultures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The transferability of Western concepts to other cultures: Validation of the Zuckerman–Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire in a Saudi Arabic context

et al. 2015

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Background: The importance of medical education research in Saudi Arabia has been acknowledged increasingly and a lot of concepts used have been derived from the Western world. The question arises, however, whether Western concepts and questionnaires are transferable to societies with different cultures. The aim of this study was to investigate the instrument structure and the reliability of the Arabic version of the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire-medium (ZKPQ-m). Methods: Three statistical methods with decreased amount of strictness were used to analyse our data: Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Procrustes rotation and Principal Component Analysis. Results: Our outcomes did not confirm the original instrument structure. Instead, we found four interpretable components: Emotional Instability, Impulse-seeking, Activeness and Self-Control. However, the amount of explained variance was not very high and the internal consistencies ranged from unsatisfactory to only moderate. The data showed a high percentage of respondents agreeing with more than three items of the Infrequency scale, which may be attributable to the collectivistic culture in Saudi Arabia. Conclusion: We did not succeed in replicating the ZKPQ structure in the Arabic context. Social desirability, a common characteristic in collectivistic cultures, may have reduced the replicability of the internal structure of the ZKPQ-m. Different methods to measure concepts in collectivistic cultures may help to get round social desirability.

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Structural and functional equivalence of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire within and between countries

Cited by 144 publications

References 47 publications

Personality profiles of cultures: Aggregate personality traits.

Personality profiles of cultures: Aggregate personality traits.

Social Desirability, Environmental Attitudes, and General Ecological Behaviour in Children

The transferability of Western concepts to other cultures: Validation of the Zuckerman–Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire in a Saudi Arabic context

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