Structural characteristics of two strong earthquakes in the North Aegean: ierissos (1932) and Agios Efstratios (1968)

Pavlides, Spyros; Τρανός, Μάρκος Δ.

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(91)90067-s

Cited by 53 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The kinematics and geographic location of the fault may be explained by two hypotheses: (a) the fault acts as a R shear (Pavlides and Tranos, 1991; antithetic Reidel shear; i.e. secondary structure) within the overall right-lateral strike-slip regime (e.g.…”

Section: Primary Versus Secondary Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The kinematics of this fault pose several questions on the mode of crustal deformation in that area because the central Aegean Sea region is regarded as a typical rightlateral strike-slip faulting regime (e.g. Taymaz et al, 1991;Pavlides and Tranos, 1991;Papadopoulos et al, 2002;Kiratzi and Louvari, 2003). These questions are related to (a) the strain accommodation in central Aegean, (b) stress axes orientations across the Aegean and (c) the westward propagation of the north Anatolian Fault into the Aegean during Quaternary (e.g., Armijo et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The 2001 Mw = 6.4 Skyros earthquake, conjugate strike-slip faulting and spatial variation in stress within the central Aegean Sea

Ganas

Δρακάτος

Pavlides

et al. 2005

Journal of Geodynamics

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This paper uses the seismological data provided by analysis of the July 26, 2001 Skyros earthquake (Mw = 6.4) aftershock sequence to discuss various models for Quaternary deformation of the central Aegean region. In particular, it is suggested that the left-lateral Skyros fault is a primary strike-slip fault formed in Early Quaternary times and striking perpendicular to the right-lateral North Anatolian Fault (NAF). This fault blocks linkage between normal faults offshore Evia Island and NAF. The fault kinematics, stress transfer analysis and available focal mechanisms indicate that the stress field is characterized by a switch between vertical σ 2 and vertical σ 1 with σ 3 trending roughly N10 • E. The spatial variation of the stress field is imposed by the N-S, extensional strain due to conjugate strike slip faulting. The variation in stress defines a 170 km wide area from 23 • E to 25 • E comprising the terminating influence of the 1200 km long North Anatolian Fault on to the north-central Aegean crust.

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Section: Primary Versus Secondary Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2001 Mw = 6.4 Skyros earthquake, conjugate strike-slip faulting and spatial variation in stress within the central Aegean Sea

Ganas

Δρακάτος

Pavlides

et al. 2005

Journal of Geodynamics

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“…3g shows the accumulated stress changes just before this event, calculated for its fault plane solution (strike = 93°, dip = 53°, rake = -93°). It is associated with the WNW-ESE Stratoni fault in the east part of the Chalkidiki peninsula (Pavlides and Tranos 1991), which is located inside an area of positive DCFF, due solely to the tectonic loading since this fault is located far from the past ruptures and it is not affected by their coseismic slip. Its coseismic slip resulted in the creation of stress-enhanced areas at the location of the 1978 earthquakes (Fig.…”

Section: Gorna Oriahovitsa Earthquakementioning

confidence: 99%

Static stress changes associated with normal faulting earthquakes in South Balkan area

Papadimitriou

Karakostas

Τρανός

et al. 2006

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Activation of major faults in Bulgaria and northern Greece presents significant seismic hazard because of their proximity to populated centers. The long recurrence intervals, of the order of several hundred years as suggested by previous investigations, imply that the twentieth century activation along the southern boundary of the sub-Balkan graben system, is probably associated with stress transfer among neighbouring faults or fault segments. Fault interaction is investigated through elastic stress transfer among strong main shocks (M ‡ 6.0), and in three cases their foreshocks, which ruptured distinct or adjacent normal fault segments. We compute stress perturbations caused by earthquake dislocations in a homogeneous half-space. The stress change calculations were performed for faults of strike, dip, and rake appropriate to the strong events. We explore the interaction between normal faults in the study area by resolving changes of Coulomb failure function (DCFF) since 1904 and hence the evolution of the stress field in the area during the last 100 years. Coulomb stress changes were calculated assuming that earthquakes can be modeled as static dislocations in an elastic half-space, and taking into account both the coseismic slip in strong earthquakes and the slow tectonic stress buildup associated with major fault segments. We evaluate if these stress changes brought a given strong earthquake closer to, or sent it farther from, failure. Our modeling results show that the generation of each strong event enhanced the Coulomb stress on along-strike neighbors and reduced the stress on parallel normal faults. We extend the stress calculations up to present and provide an assessment for future seismic hazard by identifying possible sites of impending strong earthquakes.

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“…In the area of the canal, red beds predominate. The canal lies in an active tectonic area; Ierissos, which was the scene of the M 7.0 earthquake in 1932, is only 5 km away (Maravelakis, 1933;Pavlides and Kilias, 1987;Pavlides and Tranos, 1991). The building of the road alongside the canal (in 1967), farming activity on both sides of the canal, as well as the natural processes of infilling from primarily rainwashed and secondarily wind-blown sediment may all, in different ways, be complicating factors.…”

Section: Topographic and Geological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of the Canal of Xerxes, Northern Greece: the role of geophysical and other techniques

Jones

Isserlin

Karastathis

et al. 2000

Archaeol. Prospect.

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The Canal reputedly built on the orders of the Persian King Xerxes across a narrow isthmus in northern Greece to allow his fleet access into the Aegean in advance of the Persian invasion of Greece in the early fifth century BC must have been a remarkable engineering operation for its time. Yet apart from a depression in the central sector of the isthmus, almost nothing of this canal is visible today, nor are there visible remains of building structures and harbour installations; what information there is about it comes from accounts by ancient writers, notably Herodotus, and nineteenth century travellers. This paper describes the results of a large programme of survey aimed at detecting this putative, now buried structure and ascertaining whether or not it was a canal across the full width (2 km) of the isthmus. Following a detailed topographic survey, resistivity soundings and ground-penetrating radar were carried out principally in the central sector of the canal; the latter detected successive infillings of the canal but neither its original sides nor its bottom. Seismic refraction and reflection measurements, on the other hand, provided decisive evidence for the canal's existence in the central sector, with strong support coming from the analysis of sediment cores: its depth there is 14-15 m below the present ground surface, with top and bottom widths of 25-35 and at most 20 m respectively. The canal's northerly course has been defined but less confidently, whereas to the south the picture still appears incomplete. The canal may indeed have been built across the full 2 km, but the alternative hypothesis that it connected with the sea at only one end and that there was a (short) slipway at the other end cannot be dismissed. Whichever model is correct, a crucial finding from the sediment analysis is that the lifetime of the canal was short.

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Structural characteristics of two strong earthquakes in the North Aegean: ierissos (1932) and Agios Efstratios (1968)

Cited by 53 publications

References 10 publications

The 2001 Mw = 6.4 Skyros earthquake, conjugate strike-slip faulting and spatial variation in stress within the central Aegean Sea

The 2001 Mw = 6.4 Skyros earthquake, conjugate strike-slip faulting and spatial variation in stress within the central Aegean Sea

Static stress changes associated with normal faulting earthquakes in South Balkan area

Exploration of the Canal of Xerxes, Northern Greece: the role of geophysical and other techniques

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