Structural Diversity of Mammalian Hepatic Dermatan Sulfates.

Koshiishi, Ichiro; Motoki, Kazuhiro; Qiu, Guoning; Imanari, Toshio

doi:10.1248/bpb.16.335

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We have found previously that highly sulfated CS/DSs in which IdoA-GalNAc(4,6SO 4 ) units amount to nearly 40% of the repeating disaccharides are present in the mouse liver as GAG chains of decorin and/or biglycan, and that IdoA-GalNAc(4,6SO 4 ) units in CS/DS disappeared completely in GalNAc4S-6ST knockout (KO) mice [13] . Presence of CS/DS-E in the mammalian liver had been reported previously [ 14 , 15 ]. Decorin and decorin mRNA were reported to increase in the liver fibrosis [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Mice deficient in N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase exhibit enhanced liver fibrosis and delayed recovery from fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice

Habuchi

Ushida

Habuchi

2016

Heliyon

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BackgroundChondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) rich in N-acetylgalactosamine 4,6-bissulfate (GalNAc(4,6SO4)) residues is present as decorin and/or biglycan in mouse liver, and GalNAc(4,6SO4) residues disappeared completely in N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase (GalNAc4S-6ST) knockout (KO) mice. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CS/DS rich in GalNAc(4,6SO4) residues participate in the progression or resolution of liver fibrosis.MethodsWild type (WT) and GalNAc4S-6ST KO mice were treated with CCl4 for 5 weeks. After discontinuation of CCl4 administration, histochemical and biochemical changes and expression of genes related to matrix components were compared between WT and GalNAc4S-6ST KO mice.Results and conclusionOn 2 days after cessation of CCl4 administration, higher fibrosis was observed in KO mice than in WT mice by Sirius Red staining. Serum alanine aminotransferase activity was higher in KO mice than in WT mice. Hydroxyproline contents and Sirius Red staining showed that repair of liver fibrosis in the recovery stages appeared to be delayed in KO mice. Expression of mRNA of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-13 and versican peaked at 2 days after cessation of CCl4 administration and was higher in KO mice than in WT mice. Expression of MMP-9 in the recovery stage was lower in KO mice than in WT mice. Our findings demonstrate that defect in GalNAc4S-6ST, which resulted in disappearance of CS/DS containing GalNAc(4,6SO4), appear to contribute to progression of liver fibrosis, delayed recovery from fibrosis, and various changes in the expression of proteoglycans and MMPs in carbon tetrachloride–treated mice.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Mice deficient in N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase exhibit enhanced liver fibrosis and delayed recovery from fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice

Habuchi

Ushida

Habuchi

2016

Heliyon

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“…20,26,27) In this study, DDi-diS B was not detected from all of the samples as shown in Table 1. We therefore estimated that all of the samples tested did not contain DS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Identification of the Origin of Chondroitin Sulfate in "Health Foods"

Sakai

Otake

Toida

et al. 2007

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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Twelve "health foods" products containing chondroitin sulfate (CS) were purchased from the Japanese market and the origin of the CS was investigated by conducting disaccharide compositional analysis after enzymatic depolymerization and by 1 H-NMR spectroscopy. Nine of the 12 products had labels indicating that the origin of the CS was shark cartilage. However, two of them were found to contain mammalian CS. Next, we compared the ratio of the sulfate group to the galactosamine residue after the acid hydrolysis of CS. The results suggest that all of the CS from sharks had a ratio of more than 1.0, while the CS from mammals had a ratio of less than 1.0. Since this comparative analysis does not require expensive purified enzyme, it would be an economical way to identify the origin of CS in "health foods." Being able to determine the origin of the ingredients in natural products is very important for ensuring their quality, safety, and efficacy. Therefore, we think that regulatory requirements for accurately indicating the origin of "health foods" and effective enforcement of these requirements are needed.

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