Structural organization of chromosomes of the Indian muntjac (&lt;i&gt;Muntiacus muntja&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;k&lt;/i&gt;)

Brat, S. Ved; Rs, Verma; Dosik, Harvey

doi:10.1159/000131381

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This result agrees with previous studies by Ved Brat et al (1979), Wurster and Benirschke (1970), Suwattana et al (1996), Koykul et al (2000) and Tanomtong et al (2005). The karyotype of female Indian muntjacs consists of 2 large metacentric and 4 medium acrocentric chromosomes, and for males consists of 2 large metacentric, 3 medium acrocentric and 1 medium telocentric chromosomes (Figs.…”

Section: Karyotype Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…4,5), with former studies showing NORs in 4 sites, on chromosome pairs 1 and 3 (Yang et al 1995, Suwattana et al 1996, Burkin et al 1997, Tanomtong et al 2005. For male M. muntjak, NORs were found in 4 sites on nearly as telomeres of the q arm in both chromosome pair 1 and q arm on both chromosome pair 3 which agrees with the results of Goodpasture and Bloom (1975), Levy et al (1993) and Tanomtong et al (2005), but which differs from the report by Ved Brat et al (1979). They indicated that male M. muntjak has 2 NORs at only chromosome pair 3.…”

Section: Chromosome Markers Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The short arm of chromosome pair 3 referred to the X chromosome while the Y chromosome was smallest metacentric chromosome which is similar to previous reports by Wurster and Benirschke (1970) and Tanomtong et al (2005). They were different from the former study of Ved Brat et al (1979) who showed that the X chromosome is the chromosome pair 3 and the Y chromosome has 2 types, Y 1 as acrocentric, Y 2 as submetacentric chromosomes.…”

Section: Karyotype Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The data showed 149 and 192 bands, respectively which are higher than the studies of Yang et al (1995), Burkin et al (1997), Ved Brat et al (1979 and Levy et al (1992). All these authors reported that the number of chromosome bands of the Indian muntjac, M. muntjak, were 82, 108 and 105 bands, respectively.…”

Section: Number Of Chromosome Bands Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) Inmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Genes on these loci can amplify into many copies (gene amplification) when they are required for synthesis in the ribosome (Kampiranont, 2003). In addition, Ved Brat et al (1979) suggested that the locus may be genetically inactive or repressed. The regulation of genetic activity of ribosomal cistrons can vary, according to the genetic constitution of the organisms, the stage of development and differentiation of the cell tissue system, and environmental circumstances.…”

Section: Chromosome Markers Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Polymorphism of Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) of Indian Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) in Laos PDR

2010

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Summary This work is the first description of a cytogenetic study of the Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) in Laos PDR. Blood samples were taken from 1 male and 1 female Indian muntjac kept in Laos Zoo, Laos PDR. Lymphocytes were cultured following standard methods. Cell harvesting was performed and followed by metaphase chromosome spreading on microscopic slides. Conventional staining, G-banding and high-resolution techniques were then applied using Giemsa's stain. The results showed that the number of diploid chromosomes (2n) of the Indian muntjac was 6 in female and 7 in male. The short arm of chromosome pair 3 referred to the X chromosome. Idiograms represent the banding pattern at the metaphase chromosome and prometaphase chromosome were 149 and 192 bands, respectively. The polymorphism of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was found at 2 sites on chromosome pair 1, and 1 site on chromosome pair 3 (heteromorphic, 3a3b) in the female, whereas they were found at 2 sites on chromosome pair 1 and 2 sites on chromosome pair 3 (homomorphic, 3a3a) in the male. These results will be useful for providing basic genetic information and future studies of the breeding, conservation and chromosome evolution in this animal.

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Section: Karyotype Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Chromosome Markers Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Karyotype Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Number Of Chromosome Bands Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) Inmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Chromosome Markers Of Indian Muntjac (M Muntjak) In Laos Pdrmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New Polymorphism of Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) of Indian Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) in Laos PDR

2010

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DNA content measurements and an improved idiogram for the Indian muntjac

et al. 1993

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The Indian muntjac, an asiatic deer, has the lowest diploid chromosome number among mammals (female 2N = 6; male 2N = 7). Using flow cytometric quantification of propidium iodide-stained cells, we determined the DNA content of muntjac cells to be 94% that of human. This suggests that the muntjac may serve as a model for investigation of karyotypic evolution and rearrangement. In order to facilitate future comparative gene map- Key terms: Cellular DNA content, image analysis, G-band idiogramThe development of comparative gene maps is an important component for the investigation of mammalian genome organization and evolution (4, 17). The genus muntiacus is interesting in this regard, since it includes both the Indian munjac ( M . muntiacus) with the lowest known diploid mamalian chromosome number (female 2N = 6; male 2N = 7) and the Chinese muntjac (M. reeuesi) with 46 telocentric elements (35, 36).These two karyotypically disparate species are phenotypically similar and capable of producing viable hybrid offspring (15) and thus have been used for comparative gene mapping (12, 25, 37). Furthermore, the low chromosome number, unique karyotypic morphology, and the successful application of flow cytometric techniques for individual chromosome sorting and collection (13) make this organism an important resource for molecular cytogenetics.Although the total cellular DNA content of most mammals varies by only 10% or less (18), the range of values reported for the Indian muntjac is only 61-72% of the diploid human value (7, 10,341. In these studies, DNA estimates were achieved by microdensitometric quantification using human lymphocytes, chicken erythrocytes, or bull sperm as a standard reference.The karyotype of the female Indian muntjac (Fig. 1, bottom) consists of one pair of metacentric autosomes (#l), one pair of acrocentric autosomes (#2), and one pair of submetacentric X chromosomes. The X chromosomes are actually compound elements in which the "true" X has been translocated onto a third autosome.Males (Fig. 1, top) have the two pairs of autosomes, a single compound X, and two unique Y chromosomes. The larger of the two Y chromosomes, Y1, is the telocentric homolog of the autosomal portion of the X, whereas Y2 is a small metacentric element, representing the "true" Y (36). Male meiotic metaphase I configurations revealed a trivalent complex of X, Y1, and Y2, confirming these apparent homologies (23,281.The chromosomes of the Indian muntjac have been characterized using G-, Q-, and R-banding (2, 5, 7, 11, 16, 29, 30, 32, 33). Although several attempts have been made to establish a unified banding nomenclature for the Indian muntjac karyotype (2,5,32), a consistent and sensitive system has yet to be developed.Using cytometric fluorescence quantification and computer-enhanced, digitized image analysis, we have reevaluated the Indian muntjac cellular DNA content and generated a n idiogram, combining ISCN-type nomenclature and relative band position/size measurements, which should be useful in comparative gene mappin...

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SCE and DNA Methylation

Ikushima¹

1984

Sister Chromatid Exchanges

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Structural organization of chromosomes of the Indian muntjac (<i>Muntiacus muntja</i><i>k</i>)

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

A New Polymorphism of Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) of Indian Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) in Laos PDR

A New Polymorphism of Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NORs) of Indian Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) in Laos PDR

DNA content measurements and an improved idiogram for the Indian muntjac

SCE and DNA Methylation

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