Structural properties of fractured and faulted Cretaceous platform carbonates, Murge Plateau (southern Italy)

Korneva, Irina; Tondi, Emanuele; Agosta, Fabrizio; Rustichelli, Andrea; Spina, Vincenzo; Bitonte, R.; Cuia, R. Di

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.05.004

Cited by 73 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Statistical analysis of fractures using scan line techniques (e.g. Agosta et al 2010;Billi 2005b;Guerriero et al 2010;Guerriero et al 2013;Korneva et al 2014) show that fracture arrays in unfaulted host-rocks are usually more isotropic, whereas fracture arrays within fault damage zones are characterized by anisotropies. Fracture aperture and fracture connectivity is controlling the permeability in fractured media, resulting in either extremely channelized or more distributed flow paths (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological properties of fault zones in a karstified carbonate aquifer (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

2016

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This study presents a comparative, field-based hydrogeological characterization of exhumed, inactive fault zones in low-porosity Triassic dolostones and limestones of the Hochschwab massif, a carbonate unit of high economic importance supplying 60 % of the drinking water of Austria's capital, Vienna. Cataclastic rocks and sheared, strongly cemented breccias form low-permeability (<1 mD) domains along faults. Fractured rocks with fracture densities varying by a factor of 10 and fracture porosities varying by a factor of 3, and dilation breccias with average porosities >3 % and permeabilities >1,000 mD form high-permeability domains. With respect to fault-zone architecture and rock content, which is demonstrated to be different for dolostone and limestone, four types of faults are presented. Faults with single-stranded minor fault cores, faults with single-stranded permeable fault cores, and faults with multiple-stranded fault cores are seen as conduits. Faults with single-stranded impermeable fault cores are seen as conduit-barrier systems. Karstic carbonate dissolution occurs along fault cores in limestones and, to a lesser degree, dolostones and creates superposed highpermeability conduits. On a regional scale, faults of a particular deformation event have to be viewed as forming a network of flow conduits directing recharge more or less rapidly towards the water table and the springs. Sections of impermeable fault cores only very locally have the potential to create barriers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological properties of fault zones in a karstified carbonate aquifer (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

2016

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“…Fracture and fault localization along vertically elongated breccia bodies has also been documented in limestones by Korneva et al . () and Laurita et al . ().…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…A) and their former occurrence is also recorded by non‐stratabound massive dolomites with remnants of brecciated texture (Figs B and D). Similar calcareous breccia bodies were documented in the near Murge Plateau (Korneva et al ., ; Laurita et al ., ; Zambrano et al ., ) and interpreted as gravitational collapse breccias infilling syn‐sedimentary dilational fissures. As suggested by dolomitization fronts corresponding to their sharp walls (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Fault‐controlled dolomite bodies as palaeotectonic indicators and geofluid reservoirs: New insights from Gargano Promontory outcrops

et al. 2017

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The Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous platform-slope to basinal carbonate strata cropping out in Gargano Promontory (southern Italy) are partly dolomitized. Fieldwork and laboratory analyses (petrographic, petrophysical and geochemical) allowed the characterization of the dolomite bodies with respect to their distribution within the carbonate succession, their dimensions, geometries, textural variability, chemical stability, age, porosity, genetic mechanisms and relation with tectonics. The dolomite bodies range from metres to kilometres in size, are fault-related and fracture-related, and probably formed during the Early Cretaceous at <500 m burial depths and temperatures <50°C. The proposed dolomitization model relies on mobilization of Early Cretaceous seawater that flowed, downward and then upward, along faults and fractures and was modified in its isotopic composition moving through Triassic and Jurassic strata that underlie the studied dolomitized succession. Despite the numerous cases reported in literature, this study demonstrates that hydrothermal and/or high-temperature fluids are not necessarily required for fault-controlled dolomitization. Distribution and geometries of dolomite bodies can be used for palaeotectonic reconstructions, as they partly record the characteristics (size, attitude and kinematics) of the palaeo-faults, even if not preserved, that controlled dolomitization. In Gargano Promontory, dolomites record Early Cretaceous palaeo-faults from metres to kilometres long, striking north-west/south-east to east/west and characterized by normal to strike-slip kinematics. Dolomitization increases the matrix porosity by up to 7% and, therefore, can improve the geofluid storage capacity of tight, platform-slope to basinal limestones. The results have a great significance for characterization of geofluid (for example, hydrocarbons) reservoirs hosted in similar dolomitized carbonate successions. Distribution, size and shapes of reservoir rocks (i.e. dolomite bodies) could be broadly predictable if the characteristics of the palaeo-fault system present at the time of dolomitization are known. © 2017 The Authors. Sedimentology © 2017 International Association of Sedimentologist

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“…The major normal fault system is accompanied by perpendicular minor faults and gentle synclines and anticlines. Besides the normal NW–SE oriented faults, Korneva et al () have also recently inferred NNW–SSE striking left‐lateral and WNW‐ESE striking right‐lateral strike‐slip faults, which should represent Upper Cretaceous synsedimentary faults, while WNW‐ESE striking, left‐lateral faults, and northeast–southwest striking normal faults should be interpreted as Pliocene–Quaternary faults associated to the flexure of the Apulian foreland (Doglioni, Mongelli, & Pieri, ).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass transport triggered by heavy rainfall: the role of endorheic basins and epikarst in a regional karst aquifer

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Balacco

Gioia

et al. 2016

Hydrological Processes

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This study aims at recognizing the mechanisms of mass transport between the karst surface and the saturated zone in a morphostructural relief of the Mesozoic karst carbonate platform of Murgia (Puglia, Southern Italy). The large dimension of the karst aquifer, the regional scale of the flow system, the boundary condition constituted by the sea, and the lack of freshwater springs constrain to the use of wells as monitoring points and limit the study area to the recharge area comprising 986 endorheic basins. The concentrations of non‐reactive tracers (nitrates) in the waters of autogenic recharge (from endorheic basins) have been modeled through the evaluation of effective infiltration, land use, and nitrogen surplus, with reference to a time window, which includes a low precipitation period followed by significant rainfall events. The comparison between the modeled nitrate concentrations and the nitrate concentrations measured in ground waters, coupled with the analysis of groundwater chemograms and records of hydraulic heads (all referred to the same time window), allows inferring the mechanism of mass transport between the karst surface and the groundwater table. The mass transport conceptual model requires the presence of the epikarst. The infiltration of significant rainfall in the endorheic basins after a low precipitation period displaces waters stored in the epikarst toward the saturated zone. Ground waters in the post‐event period show higher concentrations of nitrates, lower concentrations of total organic carbon, and higher Mg/Ca ratios than both those of the pre‐event period and the autumn‐winter recharge period. The post‐event recharge from epikarst storage determines a transient hazard of groundwater pollution with a time lag from the occurrence of the heavy rainfall.

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Structural properties of fractured and faulted Cretaceous platform carbonates, Murge Plateau (southern Italy)

Cited by 73 publications

References 66 publications

Hydrogeological properties of fault zones in a karstified carbonate aquifer (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

Hydrogeological properties of fault zones in a karstified carbonate aquifer (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

Fault‐controlled dolomite bodies as palaeotectonic indicators and geofluid reservoirs: New insights from Gargano Promontory outcrops

Mass transport triggered by heavy rainfall: the role of endorheic basins and epikarst in a regional karst aquifer

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