Structural reliability analysis of superstructure of highway bridges on China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): a case study

Rasheed, Abdur; Farooq, Hassan; Usman, Muhammad; Hanif, Asad; Khan, Niaz Ali; Khushnood, Rao Arsalan

doi:10.1080/24705314.2018.1492665

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Besides the nominal value ratio, the other is the ratio of expected values of the case of interest (truck traffic including California permit loads) and the case of reference (truck traffic complying with the federal legal load requirement). For example, the former load in equation (8) is modeled here using WIM data excluding those vehicles whose load effect exceeds that of the 5-axle CA permit truck, and the latter is modeled also using WIM data but excluding those above the federal bridge formula. e similar ruler is applied to other three equations.…”

Section: Calibration Of the Live Load Factor In Lrfrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on this concept, Figures 4-6 show the ratios of the two expected values of the two truck traffic loads in equation (8), given 0%, 10%, and 20% allowance separately. ey are plotted as functions of span length for moment, left shear, and right shear, respectively.…”

Section: Calibration Of the Live Load Factor In Lrfrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note that bridges with span length less than 300 ft can be defined as short-tomedium span category, and for implementation and practical convenience, the calculated ratio for each span length selected here can be averaged as one, since these ratios appear to be relative constant and applicable to shortto-medium bridges. Similarly, the ratios for midspan moment and support shears as well as different allowances could also be averaged to propose one ratio as the final product for equation (8) of case (a). As a consequence, a value of 0.35 is obtained for site 002.…”

Section: Calibration Of the Live Load Factor In Lrfrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Oregon, truck WIM data were also used to develop state-specific LRFR live load factors, and the factors were calibrated using the same statistical methods that were used in the original development of LRFR [6]. Recently, Eamon et al conducted a reliability-based calibration of live load factors for bridge design specific to the state of Michigan, and it was found that Michigan load effects were greater than those previously assumed, requiring higher load factors than those in current use [7]; Rasheed et al implemented a structural reliability analysis of superstructure of highway bridges on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor [8]; Oudah et al calibrated live load factors for bridge systems conveying extremely heavy mining trucks [9]; Anitori et al proposed a WIM-based live load model for advanced analysis of simply supported shortand medium-span highway bridges [10], and Siavashi and Eamon developed traffic live load models for bridge superstructure rating [11]. Besides, some efforts have been made to enhance the accuracy of load effect projections to longer period of time needed for design and rating [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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[Retracted] Calibration of the Live Load Factor for Highway Bridges with Different Requirements of Loading

Lang

Ren

Wang

2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Highway bridge load rating has been moving toward structural reliability since the issuance of AASHTO LRFR specifications; however, the recommended load factors were carried out by a few reliable truck data. The objective of this study is to calibrate the live load factor in AASHTO LRFR Rating Specification by using huge amount of WIM data collected in California for more than ten years between 2001 and 2013. Since traffic volumes, vehicular overloads, and traffic components are highly related to the load effect induced, a set of calibration equations is proposed here, in which the nominal standard load effect models are used and different requirements of loading are taken into account. By the analytical model of platoons of trucks and the extrapolation of the gathered WIM data over a short period of time to remote future over a longer time period, the expected maximum live load effects over the rating period of 5 years are also obtained. Then, the live load factor is calibrated as the product of the codified value multiplied by the ratio between the nominal standard load effect and the expected mean value. The results show that the products of the two ratios present rather constant, implying the proposed method and load configurations selected are effective. In the end, the live load factors of 1.0 and 0.7 along with load configurations are recommended for a simple span length less than 300 ft. The recommended calibration method and live load factors will eliminate the unnecessary overconservatism in rating specifications.

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Section: Calibration Of the Live Load Factor In Lrfrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calibration Of the Live Load Factor In Lrfrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calibration Of the Live Load Factor In Lrfrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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[Retracted] Calibration of the Live Load Factor for Highway Bridges with Different Requirements of Loading

Lang

Ren

Wang

2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…Different improvement techniques are being used to enhance the efficacy of structures against blast loading. The following are some of the techniques used for the retrofitting of the existing structures, for improving its resistance against blast and also improving the overall integrity of the structure [20].…”

Section: Techniques Being Used For Strengthening/retrofitting Of Strumentioning

confidence: 99%

Blast Loading Response of Reinforced Concrete Panels Externally Reinforced with Steel Strips

Khan¹,

Farooq²,

Usman³

2019

Infrastructures

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Frequent terrorist activities, the use of vehicle bomb blasts and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have brought forth the task of protection against blasts as a priority issue for engineers. Terrorists mostly target the areas where human and economic losses are significantly higher. It is really challenging to study the effects of blast loading on structures due to numerous variables. For instance, the type of detonation charge, explosive material, placement of charge and standoff distance, etc., are a few of the variables which make the system more complicated. Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) wall panels are commonly used for protecting important installations and buildings. In this research, the response of RCC wall panels has been investigated due to the blast effect caused by two TNT charge weights of 50 kg and 100 kg. These two charge weights have been selected after a detailed study of terrorist activities in the recent past. For this purpose, an existing arrangement at an important military installation, i.e., NESCOM Hospital Islamabad in Pakistan, has been selected. To reduce computational efforts, three RCC wall panels, placed side by side producing a continuous front along with a corresponding boundary and structural wall, have been considered. RCC wall panels are placed at a distance of 3 ft from the perimeter of the boundary wall and 23 ft from the structural wall. The displacement on the front face of RCC wall panels and the structural wall is measured at three levels of top, middle and bottom. ANSYS AUTODYN software has been used to simulate the model. Analysis has been carried out to identify and study the weakness of existing arrangements. Literature was reviewed for suggesting an appropriate strengthening technique for existing structures against blast loading. It was found that in addition to existing strengthening techniques, use of steel strips is amongst the most feasible technique for strengthening existing structures. It not only significantly enhanced the blast performance of structures, but it also significantly reduced z-direction displacements and pressures. The results show that the use of steel strips as the improvement technique for already placed RCC wall panels can be effective against a blast loading of up to 100 kg TNT.

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Effect of masonry infill on analytical fragility response of RC frame school buildings in high seismic zone

Khan

Usman

Farooq

et al. 2021

Journal of Structural Integrity and Maintenance

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Structural reliability analysis of superstructure of highway bridges on China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC): a case study

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

[Retracted] Calibration of the Live Load Factor for Highway Bridges with Different Requirements of Loading

[Retracted] Calibration of the Live Load Factor for Highway Bridges with Different Requirements of Loading

Blast Loading Response of Reinforced Concrete Panels Externally Reinforced with Steel Strips

Effect of masonry infill on analytical fragility response of RC frame school buildings in high seismic zone

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