Structure and age of the Lower Magdalena Valley basin basement, northern Colombia: New reflection-seismic and U-Pb-Hf insights into the termination of the central andes against the Caribbean basin

Mora-Bohórquez, J. Alejandro; Ibáñez-Mejía, Mauricio; Oncken, Onno; Freitas, Mario de; Vélez, Vickye; Mesa, Andrés de; Serna, Lina

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2017.01.001

Cited by 56 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Pre-Oligocene sedimentary units exposed in this fold belt have been considered the northward extension of the Western Cordillera of Colombia Cediel et al, 2003;Duque-Caro, 1979, 1984 and have been related to an oceanic-type basement. The Romeral Fault System (RFS), which is also considered to continue from the south to form the eastern boundary of the SJFB, appears to be separating the oceanic to transitional basement under the belt from the felsic continental basement of the South American crust, which floors the LMV in the east (Duque-Caro, 1979, 1984Flinch, 2003;Mora et al, 2017). The RFS makes part of a~2,000 km long tectonic suture that extends from Ecuador (Peltetec Fault), and there is general consensus about the large-scale right-lateral strike-slip movement that occurred along this fault zone during the Cretaceous, causing the juxtaposition of allochthonous oceanic terranes against Central Cordillera basement blocks (Cediel et al, 2003;Spikings et al, 2015;Villagómez, Spikings, Magna, et al, 2011).…”

Section: 1002/2017tc004612mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From gravity modeling, the basement under the SJFB is considered to be thinned continental to transitional, with localized mafic allochthonous blocks (Bernal-Olaya, Mann, & Vargas, 2015;Cerón et al, 2007;Mantilla et al, 2009). However, recent Hf isotope geochemistry of a pluton in the western Lower Magdalena Valley (Bonga pluton, Mora et al, 2017) suggests that it intruded a young crust of possible oceanic affinity, such as the Quebradagrande and related terranes that have been studied farther south, within the RFS between the Central and Western Cordilleras.…”

Section: The Basement Of the San Jacinto Fold Belt (Sjfb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six samples from upper Paleocene to upper Eocene units (San Cayetano and Chengue) were collected in the C-1 well, located in the northern San Jacinto fold belt, while two more samples from an upper Eocene to lower Oligocene unit Tectonics 10.1002/2017TC004612 (San Jacinto) were collected in the SamanEST-1 well, located farther south, close to the boundary between the SJFB and the LMV (Figures 3 and 4). The SamanEST-1 well is located 50 km to the north of the Bonga-1 well, which found granitic basement of Coniacian to Campanian age (Mora et al, 2017). The U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope geochemistry detrital zircon analyses were done at the Arizona LaserChron Laboratory, and the detailed methodology is presented in Text S2.…”

Section: Detrital Zircon U-pb Geochronology and Hf Isotope Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 14,081 events was obtained, corresponding to earthquakes with M w 1 to 9, recorded from 1 June 1993 to 26 November 2015. We interpreted and mapped the near top of the subducting oceanic plate under the SJFB, which connects with a megathrust that can be imaged in some of the regional seismic lines, as shown in Mora et al (2017, their Figure S1). Using stacking processing velocities from reflection seismic data, we depth converted the interpreted subduction megathrust and plotted it with the earthquake and seismicity data in cross sections ( Figure S1).…”

Section: Seismicity Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The northwestern margin of South America has experienced a complex Cretaceous to Recent tectonic history that involves subduction of the Caribbean Plate and later collision of the Caribbean oceanic plateau, causing accretion of oceanic terranes in some areas or the subduction of the plateau in others (Bayona et al, 2012;Cediel et al, 2003;Mora et al, 2017;Restrepo et al, 2009;Spikings et al, 2015;Villagómez, Spikings, Magna, et al, 2011). While oceanic terrane accretion and later subduction of the Farallón and Nazca Plates has been better studied in central western Colombia (Chiarabba et al, 2015;Pennington, 1981;Syracuse et al, 2016;Taboada et al, 2000;Van der Hilst & Mann, 1994;Vargas & Mann, 2013;Zarifi et al, 2007), collision, accretion, and subduction of the Caribbean Plateau remain poorly understood in northwestern Colombia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Late Cretaceous to Eocene Tectonostratigraphy of the San Jacinto Fold Belt of NW Colombia With Caribbean Plateau Collision and Flat Subduction

Mora¹,

Oncken

Breton

et al. 2017

Tectonics

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Collision with and subduction of an oceanic plateau is a rare and transient process that usually leaves an indirect imprint only. Through a tectonostratigraphic analysis of pre‐Oligocene sequences in the San Jacinto fold belt of northern Colombia, we show the Late Cretaceous to Eocene tectonic evolution of northwestern South America upon collision and ongoing subduction with the Caribbean Plate. We linked the deposition of four fore‐arc basin sequences to specific collision/subduction stages and related their bounding unconformities to major tectonic episodes. The Upper Cretaceous Cansona sequence was deposited in a marine fore‐arc setting in which the Caribbean Plate was being subducted beneath northwestern South America, producing contemporaneous magmatism in the present‐day Lower Magdalena Valley basin. Coeval strike‐slip faulting by the Romeral wrench fault system accommodated right‐lateral displacement due to oblique convergence. In latest Cretaceous times, the Caribbean Plateau collided with South America marking a change to more terrestrially influenced marine environments characteristic of the upper Paleocene to lower Eocene San Cayetano sequence, also deposited in a fore‐arc setting with an active volcanic arc. A lower to middle Eocene angular unconformity at the top of the San Cayetano sequence, the termination of the activity of the Romeral Fault System, and the cessation of arc magmatism are interpreted to indicate the onset of low‐angle subduction of the thick and buoyant Caribbean Plateau beneath South America, which occurred between 56 and 43 Ma. Flat subduction of the plateau has continued to the present and would be the main cause of amagmatic post‐Eocene deposition.

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Section: 1002/2017tc004612mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Basement Of the San Jacinto Fold Belt (Sjfb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detrital Zircon U-pb Geochronology and Hf Isotope Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seismicity Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Late Cretaceous to Eocene Tectonostratigraphy of the San Jacinto Fold Belt of NW Colombia With Caribbean Plateau Collision and Flat Subduction

Mora¹,

Oncken

Breton

et al. 2017

Tectonics

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Upper and Middle Crustal Velocity Structure of the Colombian Andes From Ambient Noise Tomography: Investigating Subduction‐Related Magmatism in the Overriding Plate

et al. 2018

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New maps of S velocity variation for the upper and middle crust making up the northwestern most corner of South America have been developed from cross correlation of ambient seismic noise at 52 broadband stations in the region. Over 1,300 empirical Green's functions, reconstructing the Rayleigh wave portion of the seismic wavefield, were obtained after time and frequency‐domain normalization of the ambient noise recordings and stacking of 48 months of normalized data. Interstation phase and group velocity curves were then measured in the 6–38 s period range and tomographically inverted to produce maps of phase and group velocity variation in a 0.5° × 0.5° grid. Velocity‐depth profiles were developed for each node after simultaneously inverting phase and group velocity curves and combined to produce 3‐D maps of S velocity variation for the region. The S velocity models reveal a ~7 km thick sedimentary cover in the Caribbean region, the Magdalena Valley, and the Cordillera Oriental, as well as crustal thicknesses in the Pacific and Caribbean region under ~35 km, consistent with previous studies. They also display zones of slow velocity at 25–35 km depth under regions of both active and inactive volcanism, suggesting the presence of melts that carry the signature of segmented subduction into the overriding plate. A low‐velocity zone in the same depth range is imaged under the Lower Magdalena Basin in the Caribbean region, which may represent either sublithospheric melts ponding at midcrustal levels after breaching through a fractured Caribbean flat slab or fluid migration through major faults within the Caribbean crust.

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Deciphering the Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic Structural Evolution of the North Peruvian Forearc System

et al. 2018

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The link between plate tectonics and the evolution of active margins is still an ongoing task to challenge since the acceptance of plate tectonic paradigm. This paper aims at deciphering the structural architecture and uplift history of the North Peruvian forearc system to better understand the evolution and the mechanics that govern the Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic building of this active margin. In this study, we report surface structural geology data, interpretation of seismic reflection profiles, apatite fission track data, and the construction of two offshore‐onshore crustal‐scale balanced cross sections. The structure of the North Peruvian forearc system is dominated by an accretionary style with northwestward propagation of thrust‐related structural highs involving continental/oceanic basement rocks and off‐scrapped sediments. The thrust systems bound thick thrust‐top forearc depocenters mainly deformed by crustal normal to strike‐slip faults and thin‐skinned gravitational instabilities. The sequential restoration of the margin calibrated with apatite fission track data suggests a correlation between uplift, shortening, and plate convergence velocity during Late Cretaceous and Miocene. Pliocene‐Quaternary shortening and uplift of the coastal zone is rather related to the subduction of asperities during convergence rate decrease. The development of crustal normal to strike‐slip faulting and subsidence zones might be the consequence of slab flexure, local basal erosion along subduction fault, and/or oblique subduction associated with sediment loading control. We conclude that the evolution of the North Peruvian forearc system was controlled by subduction dynamics, strong sediment accumulation, and recent ridge subduction, and it recorded the orogenic loading evolution of the Andes over the Cenozoic.

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Structure and age of the Lower Magdalena Valley basin basement, northern Colombia: New reflection-seismic and U-Pb-Hf insights into the termination of the central andes against the Caribbean basin

Cited by 56 publications

References 66 publications

Linking Late Cretaceous to Eocene Tectonostratigraphy of the San Jacinto Fold Belt of NW Colombia With Caribbean Plateau Collision and Flat Subduction

Linking Late Cretaceous to Eocene Tectonostratigraphy of the San Jacinto Fold Belt of NW Colombia With Caribbean Plateau Collision and Flat Subduction

Upper and Middle Crustal Velocity Structure of the Colombian Andes From Ambient Noise Tomography: Investigating Subduction‐Related Magmatism in the Overriding Plate

Deciphering the Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic Structural Evolution of the North Peruvian Forearc System

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