Structure of DNA and histones in the nucleohistone

Permogorov, V. I.; Дебабов, В. Г.; Sladkova, I A; Rebentish, B. A.

doi:10.1016/0005-2787(70)90107-3

Cited by 83 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, while the CD spectra for gander and chicken erythrocyte 121 chromatin are similar, they both appear to differ from the properties of chromatin from other systems [1,[3][4][5][6][7] 1,3,7]. We have also observed this "blue shift" for gander erythrocyte chromatin after acid-saline extraction of the nuclei a t pH 1.8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…I n all experiments fraction VI (after DEAE-cellulose chromatography) polymerase was used. A complete template activity assay contained: [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] cyte chromatin [12,13,24]. Moreover, under similar conditions and extraction methods, the selective removal of certain histones was achieved.…”

Section: Template Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circular Dichroism of Avian‐Erythrocyte Chromatin and Ethidium Bromide Bound to Chromatin

Williams

Lurquin

Seligy

1972

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The circular dichroism of mature gander erythrocyte chromatin was compared with that of partially dehistonized chromatin and deproteinized DNA. The ellipticity at 275 nm for native chromatin was found to be three-times less than that for DNA. The 275-nm transition was gradually increased in magnitude upon removal of histones. Selective removal of the very lysinerich histone I and the erythrocyte-specific histone V, but not histone I alone, resulted in a significant increase in transcription in vitro and ethidium bromide primary binding properties of chromatin. Concomitant with these changes a "blue shift" of the positive DNA band from 282 nm for native chromatin to 275 nm for purified DNA was observed.Optimal conditions for circular dichroism studies in ethidium bromide bound to DNA and native chromatin were determined.The circular dichroic spectra of ethidium bromide bound to native chromatin and partially deproteinized chromatin were found to be essentially the same as that exhibited by ethidiumbromide . DNA complexes. However, the ellipticity of the dye bound to native chromatin was smaller than that when ethidium bromide was bound to DNA. The 310-nm dye transition was increased after the removal of chromosomal proteins. Selective removal of histone I and V was found to generate the most notable increment in ellipticity.The represent results are consistent with recent interpretations on how ethidium bromide interacts with chromatin ; native chromatin has fewer ethidium bromide primary binding sites than deproteinized DNA ; the mode of this dye interaction in these two systems is nearly the same, if not identical.Several circular dichroic spectral studies on chromatin isolated from various tissues have been made [l-71. The results generally indicate that the conformation of DNA in chromatin is significantly different from that of deprotcnizcd DNA.The use of the intercalative dye ethidium bromide [8,9] as a probe for studying the state of DNA in the isolated chromatin or nucleoprotein complexes of interphase chromosomes has recently been considered for calf thymus [lo] and avian erythrocytes [ll]. Both studies have demonstrated a decrease in ethidium bromide primary or strong binding to chromatin in comparison to deproteinized DNA. However, it appears that chromatin from biologically inactive erythrocytes binds much less ethidium bromide than chromatin from calf thymus, and that the erythrocyte-specific histone V, or f2c [il-141 is fundamental in the process which Abbreviations. CD, circular dichroism ; DNA-P, DNAEnzyme. Micrococcus luteus DNA-dependent RNA polyphosphate. merase (EC 2.7.7.6).limits the extent of ethidium bromide primary binding.Although fluorescence data suggest that ethidium bromide binding sites in chromatin and in DNA are very much alike [lo], additional evidence is required to further establish the nature of the DNA available for ethidium bromide binding in chromatin. Dalgleish et al. [15] have shown that ethidium bromide acquires optical activity upon binding to DNA, the magnitude of the 3...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Template Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular Dichroism of Avian‐Erythrocyte Chromatin and Ethidium Bromide Bound to Chromatin

Williams

Lurquin

Seligy

1972

European Journal of Biochemistry

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“…At lysine/DNA-phosphate ratios of approximately 0.5 it was noted that in each case the D N A portion of the spectrum was reminiscent of spectra seen in chromatin isolated from various sources (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). That is, the single band a t 275 nm in the spectrum of the native DNA shifted over to a smaller positive band a t approximately 282 nm upon complex formation with polymers I11 and IV (Figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Water-Soluble Lysine-containing Polypeptides. II. The Interaction of Several Sequential Lysine–Glycine Polypeptides with DNA. A Circular Dichroism Study of DNA Conformation in Annealed Complexes

Williams¹,

Kielland²

1975

Can. J. Chem.

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“…The same is true for the N-3 of adenine in singlestranded pentanucleotide d(T-C-T-A-G), native and denatured calf thymus DNA (Table 1). It has been shown by different methods that DNA in chromatin or reconstituted complexes with histones, polylysine, protamine, and polyarginine appears to be present in the B or very similar configuration [2][3][4][5]321. Therefore the location of histones, protamine and polyarginine in the major groove, but not induced conformational changes, is likely to be responsible for the shielding effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Arrangement in the DNA Grooves in Chromatin and Nucleoprotamine in vitro and in vivo Revealed by Methylation

Mirzabekov¹,

San'ko²,

Kolchinsky³

et al. 1977

Eur J Biochem

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The influence of histones, protamine, and some polypeptides bound to DNA on the methylation with [3H]dimethyl sulfate of the N-7 atom of guanine in the major groove, and the N-3 atom of adenine in the minor groove of DNA double helix has been studied. The effect on the methylation pattern of the primary and secondary structure of DNA has also been investigated.The comparative kinetic measurements of methylation of DNA and chromatin in the presence of dGMP as an internal standard has been studied. It has been shown that the presence of histones in chromatin causes a rather small effect on methylation of the DNA grooves: histones leave the minor groove well exposed and shield the major groove of DNA against methylation only by 14%.The increase in the velocity of DNA methylation in ice at -10 "C has been demonstrated. The methylation of ascites tumor cells and fish sperm in the frozen state, when the excision of the methylated bases by repair enzyme is repressed, allowed testing of the chromatin and nucleoprotamine structure directly in the cells. At -10 "C in these cells, as well as in isolated chromatin, histones and protamine preferentially shield the major groove of DNA to the same extent (14-21 %). Histones and protamine appear therefore to interact with DNA in a similar way in vitro and in vivo.The results of these studies suggest that histones and protaniine seem to lie mainly outside the DNA grooves, do not occupy the minor groove and are only partly buried in the major groove. This may make the DNA grooves, especially the minor one, well exposed and accessible to specific interaction of DNA in chromatin with other proteins. DNA in chromosomes of eukaryotic cells is complexed with histones (in somatic cells) or protamine (in the sperm of fish and some birds) mainly through salt linkages between the phosphates of DNA and the basic amino acids (lysine and arginine) of proteins. In chromatin and nucleoprotamine, DNA is probably present in the B conformation, or a very similar one Considerable interest has centered for a long time on the question of in which groove of DNA do histones and protamines lie? Soon after the discovery of the DNA double helix, Feughelman et a/. [l] and later Suwalsky and Traub [4], on the basis of X-ray diffraction studies, suggested that protamine is wrapped around DNA in, or over, the minor groove. By model building, Zubay and Doty [6] showed that [l -51.Ahhrc4arion.s. dGMP, 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate; dAMP, 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate; MezSO4, dimethyl sullate; cetavlon, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; m7G, 7-methyl-guanine; m3A, 3-methyl-adenine; ,'A, 1-methyl-adenine.histones in the a-helix configuration fit to the major groove and on this basis several models of nucleohistone structure were constructed [7-91. At the same time there were suggestions that histones may occupy the minor groove of DNA as well [lo]. The study of the interaction of reporter molecules [ l l ] and antibiotics netropsin and distamycin A [12], which were believed to occupy the minor groove ...

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Structure of DNA and histones in the nucleohistone

Cited by 83 publications

References 9 publications

Circular Dichroism of Avian‐Erythrocyte Chromatin and Ethidium Bromide Bound to Chromatin

Circular Dichroism of Avian‐Erythrocyte Chromatin and Ethidium Bromide Bound to Chromatin

Water-Soluble Lysine-containing Polypeptides. II. The Interaction of Several Sequential Lysine–Glycine Polypeptides with DNA. A Circular Dichroism Study of DNA Conformation in Annealed Complexes

Protein Arrangement in the DNA Grooves in Chromatin and Nucleoprotamine in vitro and in vivo Revealed by Methylation

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