Structured carbon adsorbents from clay, zeolite and mesoporous aluminosilicate templates

Physical activation of diatomite-templated carbons and its effect on the adsorption of methylene blue (MB)

“…There are H3-type hysteresis loops between the adsorption and desorption isotherms for all carbons, reflecting the existence of micropores and mesopores. These typical H3 hysteresis loops imply that the micropores in the carbons were mainly slit-like [40,41], which was in good agreement with the TEM results, and were mainly attributed to the stacking of platy carbon Table 1 Porous parameters of diatomite-templated carbons before and after activation. microparticles [42].…”

Facile preparation of hierarchically porous carbon using diatomite as both template and catalyst and methylene blue adsorption of carbon products

“…The d (002) values, 0.382 nm for Dt(JL) and 0.388 nm for C/Dt(SD), are larger than that of the ideal graphite (0.335 nm) [8]. These larger d (002) values indicate that the carbon products were composed of graphite microcrystals, which were disorderly stacked and did not form a complete graphite layer [30,31]. The diffractions of the diatom shells as well as the impurities disappear in the XRD patterns of the carbons, indicating the removal of the minerals during the process of HF washing.…”

“…The sharp increase in the N 2 adsorbed quantity near the relative pressure of 1 indicates the existence of macropores in all samples. According to IUPAC-classification, the hysteresis loop of the obtained carbons is typical H3 [36], implying that the pores of the carbons are mainly narrow and slit-like [31,35]. These pores may be given by the stacking of platy carbon microparticles.…”

“…The disordered mesoporous and wormhole-like microporous [34] structures appear in the carbon wall ( Fig. 3g and h), which resulted from the stacking of the carbon species and structure-reconfiguration of the carbon film during the removal of the diatom template, respectively [18,31].…”

Preparation of porous diatomite-templated carbons with large adsorption capacity and mesoporous zeolite K-H as a byproduct

“…1a), which were attributed to the (0 0 2) and (1 0 0) reflections of the graphite, respectively. The d (002) value, commonly used to estimate the graphitization degree of the carbon, was 0.387 nm and was larger than that of the ideal graphite (0.335 nm) [32]; this discrepancy indicates that the carbon products were composed of disorderly stacked graphite microcrystals rather than the complete graphite layers [33,34].…”