Studies in Vicariousness: Degree of Motor Activity and the Autokinetic Phenomenon

Effect of severe immobilization of the body on intellectual and perceptual processes.

“…An impairment of kinesthetic acuity was also observed in the McGfll experiments in which subjects were "inferior in the judgment of angles and directions" (Doane, Mahatoo, Heron, & Scott, 1959). Finally, Goldman's (1953) report on the increased duration of the autokinetic effect, following severe immobilization, is also relevant A similar result was obtained at McGill (Heron, 1961).…”

“…In one, the subject was strapped for 10 minutes in a specially constructed chair which prevented movement of the limbs, trunk, and head. A significant increase in the duration of the autoldnetic effect, in relation to a control condition, was observed (Goldman, 1953). Unfortunately, no other perceptual processes were measured.…”

Rorschach Correlates in Parkinsonʼs Disease

“…One possibility is that all the conditions of inhibition cited involve inhibition on the basis of attitudinal variables present in the experimenter's instructions, 19 ' 27 the experimental task, 12 or the subject's stelf-stimulated set. One possibility is that all the conditions of inhibition cited involve inhibition on the basis of attitudinal variables present in the experimenter's instructions, 19 ' 27 the experimental task, 12 or the subject's stelf-stimulated set.…”

Perception and tonus

“…It may be mentioned in passing that Goldman (1953) and Nagatsaku (1960) both have shown that autokinetic movements were more likely to occur if the subject was prevented from moving actively for some time before and during the exposition of the spot of light.…”