Studies on A-TIG welding of 2.25Cr-1Mo (P22) steel

Arivazhagan, B.; Vasudevan, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2014.12.003

Cited by 67 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Due to its good weld quality, stable heat source and low equipment costs, tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding has become one of the most widely accepted choices of welding techniques for stainless steels. However, in comparison with other conventional arc welding methods, the shallow joint penetration and low deposition rate in a single pass restrict the TIG welding of thick plates [1][2][3][4]. Accordingly, recent studies have been focused on the various solutions to improve the weld penetration by modifying equipment and adding active elements into the weld pool [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Active Gas on Weld Shape and Microstructure of Advanced A-TIG-Welded Stainless Steel

Nakhaei

Khodabandeh

Najafi

2016

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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Advanced A-TIG method was conducted to increase the weld penetration and compared with the conventional TIG welding process. A two-pipeline setup was designed to apply Ar ? CO 2 mixed gas as the outer layer, while pure argon was applied as the inner layer to prevent any consumption of the tungsten electrode. The results indicate that the presence of active gas in the molten pool led to the change in the temperature coefficient of surface tension so that the Marangoni convection turns inward and forms a deep weld zone. The increase in gas flow rate causes a decrease in the weld efficiency which is attributed to the increase in oxygen content in the weld pool and the formation of a thicker oxide layer on the weld surface. Moreover, the stir and the temperature fluctuation, led by double shielding gas, create more homogeneous nucleation sites in the molten pool so that a fine grain microstructure was obtained.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Active Gas on Weld Shape and Microstructure of Advanced A-TIG-Welded Stainless Steel

Nakhaei

Khodabandeh

Najafi

2016

Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.)

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“…It has been reported that employing A-TIG welding process enhances penetration capability of the TIG process by 300% with the same welding parameters and a full and secure weld penetration can be achieved up to 6 mm, enabling single-pass welding [7,9]. The use of these technologies has been reported for a wide variety of steels like stainless steels [10,11], low-alloy steels [12][13][14], duplex stainless steels [15,16] as well as dissimilar combinations [17]. Several types of fluxes with corresponding welding parameters on different steels have been tried by researchers to analyze the weld bead parameters such as DOP, weld bead width (BW), heat-affected zone (HAZ) width and the total heat input (HI) in order to enhance the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the joint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attaining optimized A-TIG welding parameters for carbon steels by advanced parameter-less optimization techniques: with experimental validation

Vora

Abhishek

Srinivasan

2019

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Enhanced penetration potential of activated TIG (A-TIG) welding process over conventional TIG welding has made the former process preferred for welding in recent times. The quality and shape of the weld in A-TIG are not only influenced by the chemical composition of the flux, but also by the selection of welding parameters. As a variety of process parameters influence the results, a proper understanding of process performance and identification of favorable welding conditions (optimum setting of process parameters) are indeed necessary to improve quality. The present work highlights the application potential of multi-response optimization route by integrating response surface methodology with the JAYA optimization algorithm, particularly for optimizing the A-TIG welding process parameters for carbon steels. Systematic experiments were carried out considering welding current, arc gap and travel speed as input parameters, whereas the depth of penetration, depth-to-width ratio, heat input and total width of heat-affected zone were considered as output performance characteristics. An attempt has been made in the current study to recognize the precise setting of selected input process parameters for simultaneous optimization of the aforementioned performance characteristics. The result of JAYA algorithm has also been compared with the teaching-learning-based optimization technique. While fairly similar results were achieved, the implementation of JAYA algorithm was computationally efficient. Experimental validation of the single-objective as well as multi-objective optimization results indicates that the empirical models for the response parameters as well as the proposed optimization framework are accurate tools in A-TIG welding research.

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“…[5] However, 2.25Cr-1Mo steel is prone to reheating cracks when post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is performed to remove residual stress after welding, or cracking due to thermal stress from the heating and cooling cycles during power plant operation. [6][7][8] The integrity of the material is crucial, since such cracks can cause plant shutdowns and secondary hazards. Inspection of the components of a power plant is carried out according to the US ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and Nuclear Power Plant Components Certification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Micro-Segregation on Impact Toughness of 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel after Post Weld Heat Treatment

Na¹,

Lee²,

Kang³

2018

Preprint

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2.25Cr-1Mo steel with high strength at high temperatures and good hydrogen resistance is widely used for power generation boiler material in high temperature and pressure use environments. Following the test evaluation of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, specimens from the base metal of a boiler pipe were found to have impact toughness values of 285 and 21 ft-lb, which are drastically different values. The analysis of the fracture surface of the 21 ft-lb test specimen revealed MnS inclusions, and it was found that cracks initiated at the inclusions. Observation of the cross-section of the crack propagation front revealed that cracks propagated along the ferrite regions and precipitate voids. Inclusions were also found in the 285 ft-lb impact specimen; however, the volume fraction of the inclusions was significantly less than that of the 21 ft-lb specimen. It was also found that the ferrite and carbide content of the 285 ft-lb specimen was less than 21 ft-lb specimen. The reason that the inclusions, ferrite, and carbide content differed in the two adjacent impact test specimens was analyzed. The effects of micro-segregation, such as MnS inclusions on ferrite and carbide, were compared and analyzed.

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Studies on A-TIG welding of 2.25Cr-1Mo (P22) steel

Cited by 67 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of Active Gas on Weld Shape and Microstructure of Advanced A-TIG-Welded Stainless Steel

Effect of Active Gas on Weld Shape and Microstructure of Advanced A-TIG-Welded Stainless Steel

Attaining optimized A-TIG welding parameters for carbon steels by advanced parameter-less optimization techniques: with experimental validation

Effect of Micro-Segregation on Impact Toughness of 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel after Post Weld Heat Treatment

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