Studies on Recyclable Nylon-reinforced PP Composites: Effect of Fiber Diameter

Abraham, Thomas; George, K. E.

doi:10.1177/0892705708091603

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This optimum fiber diameter range is 2–3 times larger than those of native silk fibers while the size of the recombinant protein is 5-fold smaller. It is important to note that chemical polymer-based fibers, 62–63 and natural protein-based fibers such as spider and silkworm silks, as well as wools 64–65 also have variable diameters leading to variation in their mechanical properties though these are much less pronounced than what is seen for synthetic fibers. As a general rule, tensile strength and moduli increase when the diameter of the fiber decreases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining flagelliform and dragline spider silk motifs to produce tunable synthetic biopolymer fibers

et al. 2011

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The two Flag/MaSp 2 silk proteins produced recombinantly were based on the basic consensus repeat of the dragline silk spidroin 2 protein (MaSp 2) from the Nephila clavipes orb weaving spider. However, the proline-containing pentaptides juxtaposed to the polyalanine segments resembled those found in the flagelliform silk protein (Flag) composing the web spiral: (GPGGX1 GPGGX2)2 with X1/X2=A/A or Y/S. Fibers were formed from protein films in aqueous solutions or extruded from resolubilized protein dopes in organic conditions when the Flag motif was (GPGGX1 GPGGX2)2 with X1/X2 = Y/S or A/A, respectively. Post fiber processing involved similar drawing ratios (2–2.5×) before or after water-treatment. Structural (ssNMR and XRD) and morphological (SEM) changes in the fibers were compared to the mechanical properties of the fibers at each step. NMR indicated that the fraction of β-sheet nanocrystals in the polyalanine regions formed upon extrusion, increased during stretching, and was maximized after water-treatment. XRD showed that nanocrystallite orientation parallel to the fiber axis increased the ultimate strength and initial stiffness of the fibers. Water furthered nanocrystal orientation and three-dimensional growth while plasticizing the amorphous regions, thus producing tougher fibers due to increased extensibility. These fibers were highly hygroscopic and had similar internal network organization, thus similar range of mechanical properties that depended on their diameters. The overall structure of the consensus repeat of the silk-like protein dictated the mechanical properties of the fibers while protein molecular weight limited these same properties. Subtle structural motif redesign impacted protein self-assembly mechanisms and requirements for fiber formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining flagelliform and dragline spider silk motifs to produce tunable synthetic biopolymer fibers

et al. 2011

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“…For example, abaca/PP, jute/PP and flax/PP composites were fabricated by Bledzki et al, using injection molding method. 108 Similarly, Arzondo et al fabricated sisal/PP, 109 Karmaker et al, jute/PP, 110 Bledzki et al, wood fiber/PP, 111 Suhara et al, hemp-glass/PP 112 and Abraham et al, nylon/PP 113 composites using injection molding method. Compression molding is one of the oldest manufacturing techniques that use large presses to compress the prepreg material which is placed between two matched steel dies.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Frpcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of polypropylene composites

Shubhra

Alam

Quaiyyum

2011

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

396

190

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There has been a growing interest in utilizing fibers as reinforcement to produce composite materials. Scientists prefer thermoplastic polymeric matrices than thermosets due to the low production cycle, lower cost of processing and high reparability of thermoplastics. Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic matrix composites have gained commercial success in the semistructural and structural applications. Various fibers are widely used as reinforcement in thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) matrix to prepare composites. Mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced PP composites (FRPCs) are studied by many researchers and few of them are discussed in this article. Various fiber treatments, which are carried out to improve the fiber–matrix adhesion to get improved mechanical properties, are also discussed in this article. This article also focuses on coupling agents and fiber loading which affect the mechanical properties of FRPCs significantly.

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“…MFC are easy to recycle and have been noted to show improved thermal stability and flexural modulus [ 10 , 17 ]. Properly designed PP/PET composites can also have a noticeable increase in impact strength [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. One major challenge for PP/PET composites is that the composing polymers are inherently incompatible, thus causing a reduction in the final composite strength due to the weak fiber/matrix interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phase Morphology on Mechanical Properties: Oriented/Unoriented PP Crystal Combination with Spherical/Microfibrillar PET Phase

Wang

Kuzmanović

et al. 2019

Polymers

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In situ microfibrillation and multiflow vibrate injection molding (MFVIM) technologies were combined to control the phase morphology of blended polypropylene (PP) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), wherein PP is the majority phase. Four kinds of phase structures were formed using different processing methods. As the PET content changes, the best choice of phase structure also changes. When the PP matrix is unoriented, oriented microfibrillar PET can increase the mechanical properties at an appropriate PET content. However, if the PP matrix is an oriented structure (shish-kebab), only the use of unoriented spherical PET can significantly improve the impact strength. Besides this, the compatibilizer polyolefin grafted maleic anhydride (POE-g-MA) can cover the PET in either spherical or microfibrillar shape to form a core–shell structure, which tends to improve both the yield and impact strength. We focused on the influence of all composing aspects—fibrillation of the dispersed PET, PP matrix crystalline morphology, and compatibilized interface—on the mechanical properties of PP/PET blends as well as potential synergies between these components. Overall, we provided a theoretical basis for the mechanical recycling of immiscible blends.

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Studies on Recyclable Nylon-reinforced PP Composites: Effect of Fiber Diameter

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Combining flagelliform and dragline spider silk motifs to produce tunable synthetic biopolymer fibers

Combining flagelliform and dragline spider silk motifs to produce tunable synthetic biopolymer fibers

Mechanical properties of polypropylene composites

Effects of Phase Morphology on Mechanical Properties: Oriented/Unoriented PP Crystal Combination with Spherical/Microfibrillar PET Phase

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