Studies on removal of lead(II) by Alginate Immobilized Bromelain (AIB)

Abstract

A B S T R A C TThe work is based on augmentation of active sites of calcium alginate bead by immobilizing bromelain to remove lead(II) from simulated solution. The optimum immobilization condition as specified by response surface methodology is as follows: initial concentration of sodium alginate, bromelain, and calcium chloride are 20, 21.09, and 20 g/L, respectively, at pH 7 and 35˚C and the sample, thus prepared, is termed as alginate immobilized bromelain (AIB). Maximum 99.5% lead(II) has been removed when 30 mL lead(II) solution having initial concentration of 0.0048 mmol L −1 has been treated with 5 g of AIB at pH 7 and 35˚C. 77.9% lead(II) has been recovered when 1 g of spent adsorbent is stirred in 100 mL of solution having pH 2 for 30 min. The removal of lead(II) using AIB and, thereby, simultaneous inhibition of enzyme have been modeled both statistically and empirically.

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Synthetic Wastewater Using Alginate Immobilized Cyanobacteria: Experiment and Mathematical Modeling

“…Alginate, being commercially available as sodium salt of alginic acid at low cost, may be converted into a hydrogel via cross-linking with divalent calcium ions, where each divalent metal ion binds to two carboxyl groups as adjacent alginate molecules (Szekalska et al, 2016). As a skeletal component of marine algae, it has the property of being strong and at the same time flexible (Chatterjee et al, 2015). Some advantages of alginate beads are biodegradability, hydrophilicity, presence of carboxyl groups, and natural origin (Eroglu et al, 2015).…”

“…Alginate has also been used for many biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility, low toxicity, relatively low cost, and mild gelation by the addition of divalent cations such as Ca 2+ . Due to such advantages, Ca-alginate is used as matrix for immobilization of bacterial cells, enzymes, and so on (Chatterjee et al, 2015;Ontañon et al, 2017). Again, the removal operation in a continuous packed bed reactor using microorganism immobilized calcium alginate bead as packing material would be a better approach to treat the wastewater effectively (Migahed et al, 2017).…”