Many antioxidant rich phytochemical extracts are attracting interest as stress adaptogens. In this regard, several plants are used traditionally and clinically for the management of neurologic disorders. Here, the anti-stress properties of the ethanol extract of medicinal plant Cymbopogon schoenanthus (CSEE), which grows wild in Southern Tunisia, were investigated, as well as the effects of some of the extracted active compounds on H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Whereas fluorescence intensity due to DCFH-DA (a marker of ROS production) in H 2 O 2 -treated SH-SY5Y cells was greater than that in untreated control cells, pretreatment with CSEE and its active compounds ameliorated H 2 O 2 -induced ROS production. Moreover, H 2 O 2 at 150 µM significantly decreased intracellular ATP levels in SH-SY5Y cells, and pretreatment with CSEE and its active compounds buffered this effect. These in vitro results demonstrate the potential of CSEE to protect against stress-associated disorders.