Study of Cytotoxic Properties of an Experimental Preparation with Features of a Dental Infiltrant

Abstract

Microinvasive dentistry is based on the treatment of early carious lesions with the use of dental infiltrants. The commercially available Icon dental infiltrant does not contain any bacteriostatic component. An experimental preparation enriched with the missing component was synthesised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the experimental preparation. Mouse fibroblasts of the L-929 lineage were used for the in vitro study. Cell morphology and viability were assessed. In the cytotoxicity analysis, it was shown that the experimental preparation (42.8 ± 10.3) after 24 h at two-fold dilution showed similar cytotoxicity to Icon (42.7 ± 8.8) (p > 0.05), while at four-fold dilution experimental preparation (46.7 ± 3.1), it was less toxic than Icon (34.2 ± 3.1) (p < 0.05). The experimental preparation has the potential to provide an alternative to the Icon commercial preparation. Further research is needed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the experimental preparation over a longer period of time.

Assessment of the Potential Ability to Penetrate into the Hard Tissues of the Root of an Experimental Preparation with the Characteristics of a Dental Infiltratant, Enriched with an Antimicrobial Component—Preliminary Study

“…In previous studies, the authors demonstrated that the inclusion of metronidazole in the experimental formulation allows for targeted activity against both anaerobic and oxygen-deficient organisms. The PMMAn—MTZ component demonstrates strong antimicrobial activity against Bacteroides , Fusobacterium , Eubacterium , Clostridium , Peptococcus , Peptostreptococcus , and protozoa [ 26 ]. Both the authors and a researcher, Zhang, assessed that the inclusion of an antibacterial component in the composition of a dental infiltrant could potentially inhibit the development of caries at the site of application [ 26 , 55 ].…”

“…The PMMAn—MTZ component demonstrates strong antimicrobial activity against Bacteroides , Fusobacterium , Eubacterium , Clostridium , Peptococcus , Peptostreptococcus , and protozoa [ 26 ]. Both the authors and a researcher, Zhang, assessed that the inclusion of an antibacterial component in the composition of a dental infiltrant could potentially inhibit the development of caries at the site of application [ 26 , 55 ]. Clinically, this is of great importance because the exposed surface of root cement provides a site of plaque retention.…”

“…Clinically, this is of great importance because the exposed surface of root cement provides a site of plaque retention. The authors, in their previous study, also demonstrated that an experimental formulation with a PMMAn-MTZ component at the 2-fold dilution applied to an early carious lesion in close proximity to the gingival mucosa showed similar cytotoxicity to the commercial formulation Icon after 24 h, while, at the 4-fold dilution, the experimental formulation showed less cytotoxicity than Icon, suggesting that application of the experimental formulation does not require isolation of the treatment field [ 26 ]. Neres et al focused on the abrasion resistance of Icon on the enamel surface by subjecting it to 10,000 brushing cycles, proving that when the application of the preparation is performed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations in the form of two layers of infiltrant, the preparation will not be abraded [ 56 ].…”

“…PMMAn and metronidazole are linked by an ester bond, which is hydrolysed when exposed to water (saliva). In this way, metronidazole can interact with the experimental preparation to inhibit bacterial growth on the tooth surface continuously [ 26 ]. According to the instructions of the manufacturer, the commercial preparation Icon is mainly used for caries within the enamel; therefore, in the opinion of the authors of this study, the potential of infiltrants is not fully exploited.…”

The Cytotoxicity of OptiBond Solo Plus and Its Effect on Sulfur Enzymes Expression in Human Fibroblast Cell Line Hs27

“…In other words, polymerized dental products break down over time and release un-polymerized components, exposing surrounding living tissues-especially the pulp-to potential noxious effects [8]. Traditionally used methacrylate chemicals described in in vitro studies indicate that methacrylate resins such as bis-GMA, UDMA, and TEGDMA cause the inhibition of DNA and protein synthesis in fibroblast cells and, at higher concentrations, may lead to cell death in the surrounding tissues [9]. In the cited in vitro study, the authors demonstrated that most of adhesive resins used in orthodontics and available on the European market release biologically harmful substances to the immediate environment [10].…”