Study of mango biomass (Mangifera indica L) as a cationic biosorbent

Abstract

Unfertilizable fruiting buds of mango plant Mangifera Indica L, an agrowaste, is used as a biomass in this study. The efficacy of the biosorbent was tested for the removal of lead, copper, zinc and nickel metal ions using batch experiments in single and binary metal solution under controlled experimental conditions. It is found that metal sorption increases when the equilibrium metal concentration rises. At highest experimental solution concentration used (150 mg/L), the removal of metal ions were 82.76 % for lead, 76.60 % for copper, 63.35 % for zinc and 59.35 % for nickel while at lowest experimental solution concentration (25 mg/L), the removal of metal ions were 92.00% for lead, 86.84 % for copper, 83.96 % for zinc and 82.29 % for nickel. Biosorption equilibrium isotherms were plotted for metal uptake capacity (q) against residual metal concentrations (C f ) in solution. The q versus C f sorption isotherm relationship was mathematically expressed by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The values of separation factor were between zero and one indicating favourable sorption for four tested metals on the biosorbent. The surface coverage values were approaching unity with increasing solution concentration indicating effectiveness of biosorbent under investigation. The non-living biomass of Mangifera indica L present comparable biosorption capacity for lead, copper, zinc and nickel metal ions with other types of biosorbent materials found in literature and is effective to remove metal ions from single metal solutions as well as in the presence of other co-ions with the main metal of solution. Keyword s: Biomass; Efficacy; Isotherm; Multi metal; Single metal; Sorption INTRODUCTIONWater is essential for life on earth. Ninety-seven percent of the water on the earth is salt water. Two percent of the water on earth is glacier ice at the north and south poles and only less then one percent of all the water on earth is fresh water that actually available for drinking, agriculture, domestic and industrial consumption. Moreover, the rest is locked up in oceans as salt water, polar ice caps, glaciers and underground reservoirs. Rapid industrialization and population growth have increased water demands but the supply is limited. This available limited quantity of water is also polluted by variety of pollutants. The major sources of water contamination are domestic, industrial and agricultural, as well as solid waste pollution, thermal pollution, shipping water pollution and radioactive wastes (Tyagi and Mehra, 1994). Heavy metals such as zinc, lead and chromium have a number of applications in basic engineering works, paper and pulp industries, leather tanning, organochemicals, petrochemicals,

Study of hybrid immobilized biomass of Pleurotus sajor-caju and Jasmine sambac for sorption of heavy metals

“…The influence of initial concentration on uptake capacities of Cu(II) and Zn(II) was studied by dead hybrid immobilized biosorbent of P. sajor-caju and J. sambac at pH 5 and 6 for Cu(II) and Zn(II), respectively, by changing the concentration of the system from 25 to 800 mg/L. Results obtained in this study showed that there is a linear relationship between sorption capacity and initial metal ion concentration, and this is also supported by the literature (Ashraf et al 2010). This study also depicted an inversely proportional relationship between percentage removal and initial metal concentration, as reported previously (Bai et al 2010).…”

“…This study also depicted an inversely proportional relationship between percentage removal and initial metal concentration, as reported previously (Bai et al 2010). When metal ions at very low concentration are applied to biosorbent, then greater metal uptake occurs, because large number of vacant sorption sites is available for metal binding (Ashraf et al 2010). At higher concentration, low-metal uptake may be attributed to saturation of sorption sites.…”

Optimizing the extraction of antibacterial compounds from pineapple leaf fiber

“…Pineapple (Ananas comosus), belonging to Bromeliaceae family, is a kind of perennial monocotyledon herbaceous plant as well as one of the most known tropical fruits [1]. In China, pineapple is mainly planted in 6 provinces including Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, and Taiwan.…”

Modified Coconut Copra Residues as a Low Cost Biosorbent for Adsorption of Humic Substances from Peat Swamp Runoff

“…They are potential biosorbents due to the presence of numerous functional groups serving as binding sites for adsorption. A wide range of natural biomass has been studied as biosorbents (Lau et al 2003;Ashraf et al 2011aAshraf et al ,b, 2012Hossain et al 2012;Achak et al 2009;Chuah et al 2005;Saha et al 2013;Contreras et al 2012;Kiran et al 2013;Singha and Das 2012). Bhatnagar et al (2010) provides a comprehensive review of the use of coconut-based biomass as biosorbents, as which they are extensively applied for heavy metals and dyes.…”