Study of the effect of different levels of arginine in feed on broiler chickens

Abstract

Amino acids are the basic structural units of protein molecules in the body. Currently, about 300 amino acids are known, of which 26 are studied best. Amino acids or their derivatives (for example, immune bodies) are part of enzymes, hormones, pigments, and other specific substances that play a crucial role in digestive and metabolic processes. In the process of metabolism, many amino acids are synthesized in the body from other amino acids or compounds, and therefore they are called interchangeable. Amino acids that are not synthesized in the body or are formed in insufficient quantities are called indispensable. According to the content and ratio of essential amino acids, feed proteins are subdivided into full and inferior. Deficiency, absence, or imbalance of essential amino acids in animal diets is accompanied by a deterioration in protein use, metabolic disorders, and decreased productivity. The following amino acids are indispensable; arginine, viburnum, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, phenylalanine. Among the essential amino acids, especially important ones, are those called critical. These are lysine, methionine + cystia, threonine, and tryptophan. A deficiency, absence, or imbalance of essential amino acids in animal diets is accompanied by a deterioration in protein use, metabolic disorders, and decreased productivity. Research and production experiment was conducted within Olenka Poultry Factory LLC and the problematic research laboratory of feed additives of the Department of Animal Feeding and Feed Technology named after P. D. Pshenichny at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences. The effective level of arginine in compound feed for broilers of the Cobb-500 cross was experimentally determined. The use of compound feed with arginine levels in the first rearing period (1 to 10 days) - 1.28%, in the second (11 to 22 days) - 1.15% and in the third (23 to 42 days) - 1.11% gives the opportunity to get broiler chickens at the age of 42 days, weighing 2.654 kg, at a feed expenditure of 1.78 kg per 1 kg of gain.

Anatomical, pathological, and histological features of experimental respiratory infection of birds by biofilm-forming bacteria Staphylococcus aureus

“…The results of our studies showed that biofilm formation involves adhesion, fixation, microcolony formation, growth, and dispersion stages. The main stages of the in vitro development of biofilms of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and yeastlike fungi have been sufficiently studied and covered in detail in the literature [8,[33][34][35]. Effective methods for recording the bacterial mass and volume of the intercellular matrix of monospecies and polyspecies biofilms [32,36] have been developed.…”

“…After 1-2 h of interaction between S. aureus ATCC 29213 and human cell culture HT-29, most bacteria were located in the intercellular space. Colonization of the eukaryotic cell surface by bacterial cells was visualized after 3 h. Complete disorganization of the cell layer and destruction of eukaryotic cells was observed after 24 h [33]. Due to the growing resistance of S. aureus to various antibiotics, great efforts have been made to identify new antibacterial compounds.…”